What are the two explanations of aggression within groups in prison?
The importation model and the deprivation model
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What is the importation model?
Idea that prison subcultures are formed by what inmates bring into prisons.
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What are two factors in the importation model?
1 factor involved is interpersonal factors where people being their social histories/violent characteristics into prison that can affect prison behaviour. 2nd factor is prior gang membership
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What has some research in the US found about prior gang membership?
Those in a gang prior to prison are 10x more likely to murder and 3x more likely to assault someone in prison
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What is the deprivation model?
Institutional aggression within prisons is consequence of stressful & oppressive conditions like over-crowding,over-heating, lack of meaningful activity & constant noise resulting in getting agitated,frustrated,surfaces as aggression towards inmates
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What did McCorkle et al. find that supports the deprivation model?
Found over-crowding, lack of privacy & meaningful activity are all factors of significant increases in interpersonal violence within prisons
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Who provides a weakness for the importation model?
DeLisi (2004)
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What did DeLisi (2004) find?
Contradictory to the importation model, found prior gang membership was not a predictor of prison violence but this could be because gang members are isolated from general inmate population
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What is the explanation for institutional aggression between groups relating to genocide?
Dehumanisation-institutional aggression may occur via dehumanising the target group meaning target group seen as worthless animals not worthy of human rights,results in majority group being violent, committing genocide
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What historical support is there for dehumanisation affecting mass violence?
Nazis actions in Holocaust against Jews were dehumanising and Nazis referred to Jews as "the Jewish disease". Shows how dehumanisation made it possible for Nazis to conduct mass violence against group in society
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What are the ethical issues with researching dehumanisation ?
Asking people to to recall situations of being dehumanised can cause distress to the pp. as they could have had very unpleasant experiences, could then also be distressing for researcher
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What real world applications occurred from research into things like the importation model?
Wilson found most prison aggression occurs in hot,noise-polluted, over-crowded environments so implemented reduction in noise & crowding in Woodhill Prison(UK) finding violent conduct dramatically reduced showing that deprivation model is correct
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is the importation model?
Back
Idea that prison subcultures are formed by what inmates bring into prisons.
Card 3
Front
What are two factors in the importation model?
Back
Card 4
Front
What has some research in the US found about prior gang membership?
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