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6. Sher's biopsychosocial model explains the pathway of enhanced reinforcement as:

  • Some youth are rejected by prosocial peers. They associate with deviant peers who introduce them to drugs and alcohol
  • Combination of genes and positive expectations for substance that predisposes individuals to substance use
  • That individuals use alcohol and drugs to cope with dyspeptic and other negative feelings which maintains substance use
  • All of the above

7. Comorbidities with Bipolar are

  • ADHD for boys, girls anxiety
  • ADHD for girls, boys with CD
  • ID for boys, ODD for girls
  • ADHD for boys, SAD for girls

8. Social contagion theory refers to

  • Youths develop behaviours through modeling or information from peers or media
  • Family cognitions impacting development
  • Youths attempt to control mood states and displace emotional pain with phsyical pain or to reduce numbness
  • Child maltreatment affects social networks, therefore leading to maladaptive behaviours

9. What age is attachment to caregiver most important?

  • Birth to 5 years
  • Birth to 24 months
  • 6 months - 24 months
  • 6 months to 3 years

10. Parent child interaction therapy is a treatment for

  • ID
  • CD
  • SAD
  • ASD