Ages: 6-12 enjoying, 13-15 Narrowing, 16+deliberate practice
8. Chase and Simon (1973) Memory task found
experts have better recollection in domain-specific situations (chunking). Weren't better in random recollection task.
experts have better pattern-recognition. They don't have long quiet eye periods
9. Bouchard et al (1999)
Aimed to test the hypothesis that vo2max differences come from family. 481 sedentary adults from 98 families partook in a 20 week programe, then tested on ergogmeter. Found that trainiability is hereditarry and has a signifcant gene.
Tested the hypothesis of nurture's involvement in child prodigies.
10. Wojtys et al (2013)
Early Diversifcation encourages playing many sports and specialising later; improves enjoyment and increases intrinsic motivation through self-determination theory (Hagger, 2007)
Early specification is better for artistic/acrobatic sports like diving and gymnastics
11. Ford et al (2012
Spanish footballers don't see deliberate practice till 11+
Brazil footballers don't see deliberate practice till 11+
Irish footballers don't see deliberate practice till 11+
12. Ericsson et al (1993)
10000 hours of deliberate practice in 10 years
Early specification involves starting training from 5-7 years old
Footballers don't require 2 extra years of delivberate practice at 14
13. Ruthsatz and Urbach (2014)
Children who are on the autism spectrum have an extraordinary attention to detail and this was seen in a number of child prodigies
Children who are on the chess prodigy spectrum have an extraordinary attention to detail and this wasn't seen in a number of child prodigies
