Where and how is Crude Oil distilled into its Fractions?
In the Fractionating Column, the Crude Oil is vaporized. The shorter chained hydrocarbons (with a lower boiling point) condense towards the top. The longer chained hydrocarbons (with a higher boiling point) condense towards the bottom.
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What is Combustion?
The reaction between fuel and oxygen.
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What happens during Complete Combustion?
A hydrocarbon (Fuel) and a plentiful supply of oxygen, react together to form carbon dioxide and water.
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What happens during Incomplete Combustion?
A hydrocarbon (Fuel) and a limited supply of oxygen, react together to form carbon dioxide, water, carbon monoxide, and carbon (particulates).
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Why is Carbon Monoxide dangerous?
It is toxic, plus, is colorless and odorless. When inhaled, red blood cells take it around the body, instead of oxygen.
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What do Carbon Particulates do to the Environment?
They travel to the upper atmosphere, and reflect sunlight back into space, causing Global Dimming.
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How are Nitrogen Oxides formed? What do they cause?
They are formed in engines at very high temperatures. They are toxic, trigger asthma, and cause acid rain.
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What do Sulfur Dioxides do?
They are toxic, and cause acid rain, killing trees and animals.
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What are Biofuels?
Fuels mades made from plant of animal products. They are an alternative to hydrocarbons.
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What advantages do Biofuels have?
It's renewable, better for life, better solvent than diesel, carbon neutral, can be grown almost anywhere (reduces import from abroad), and is biodegradable.
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What disadvantages do Biofuels have?
It produces more nitrogen oxides than diesel, causes deforestation (to make room for crops), produces fuel instead of food, uses a lot of energy, and may damage old cars.
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Why could Hydrogen be a 'fuel for the future'? What are the disadvantages?
When burnt with oxygen, the only product is water. It is highly flammable, though.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is Crude Oil?
Back
A dark liquid mixture containing, mainly, hydrocarbons.
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