Criminology Quiz
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- Created by: Jacob213
- Created on: 20-02-18 13:47
What is maternal deprivation?
The theory that a child who grows up without a mother will grow up with emotionless psycopathy
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Who came up with the theory of maternal deprevation
Bowlby
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What is behaviorist psychology?
The theory that criminal behavior is learnt from your environment.
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What is positive reinforcement?
Positive reinforcement involves receiving something positive for a good action that encourages it to be repeated.
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What did the bobo doll experiment find out?
That children can be influenced by the actions they see.
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Who carried out the bobo doll experiment?
Bandura
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What is the psychodynamic theory?
The theory that an individual's criminal behavior is determined by psychological conflicts of which they are largely unaware.
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Who came up with the psychodynamic theory
Freud
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What is Id in the psychodynamic theory?
Id (Devil) - First part to develop. Selfish, impulsive (unconscious)
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What is super-ego in the psychodynamic theory?
Super-ego (Angel) - Develops when we internalize rules of our same sex parent around 5 years of age - Moralistic part of the mind.
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What is Ego in the psychodynamic theory?
Ego (Referee) - Realistic part of the mind balances the other parts of the psychodynamic theory.
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What do neo-marxists believe capitalism does to people?
They believe it makes people choose to commit crime.
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What do marxists believe capitalism does to people?
They believe it forces people to commit crime.
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What is social control?
The way which society tries to influence human behavior to maintain order.
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Who came up with the social bond theory?
Travis Hirschi.
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What is the social bond theory?
People who are not attached to society, school and parents are more likely to commit crimes than those who are.
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What is differential association theory?
Criminal behavior is learned from interactions with others.When a person is born they conditioned to the norms of society.
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What is the purpose of prison?
Retribution, public protection, deterrence and rehabilitation, exclusion.
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What is deterrence in terms of the prison system?
The idea that punishments should put people off the thinking about committing crimes
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What is reforming in terms of the prison system?
The idea that punishments should try to change criminals so that they will not commit crimes again.
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What is retribution in terms of the prison system?
The idea that punishments should make criminals pay for what they have done.
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What is public protection in terms of the prison system?
The idea that punishments are needed to protect ordinary members of society.
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What is internal social control?
A persons own sense of what is right and wrong that decreases the chance of someone committing crime.
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What is rational ideology?
A set of ideas/beliefs based upon rational assumption. People used to be controlled socially through religious codes.
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How do the police count as forms of external social control?
They can be used for crowd control and there visual presence can be a deterrence.
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How do the formal sanctions count as forms of external social control?
They punish people for deviant behavior in different ways.
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What is the left realist approach to stop re-offending?
Desist/Deter/Support
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What is the Three Strikes Law in California an example of?
Being tough on crimes through having a harsher policy.
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What law was made from social upheaval after a girl was murdered by a sex offender with a history of offences that the parents weren't aware of him living in the area in the UK.
Sarah's law.
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What is a pressure group?
A group that puts pressure on the government to make laws and change existing ones
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What does a law start of as?
A command paper.
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What was the purpose of the pace act?
To restrict the police power so that they couldn't be biased towards people.
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Rational Choice Theory
The theory that people commit crimes by their own choice and it makes them their own agency of control.
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What is differential antisocial theory.
The theory that criminal behaviour is learnt through the values, attitudes, techniques and motives
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What is direct reinforcement?
When certain behaviors are performed and rewarded or removes something unpleasant.
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What is indirect reinforcement?
When you observe someone else receiving a positive or negative reinforcement for an action and learn whether to carry out the actions or not.
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What percentage of MZ twins had both committed crime? (Darlgard + Kringlen)
26%
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What percentage of DZ twins had both committed crime? (Darlgard + Kringlen)
13%
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What percentage of sons of criminal fathers had a criminal conviction? (Osborn + West)
40%
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What percentage of sons of non criminal fathers had a criminal conviction? (Osborn + West)
13%
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What percentage of adopted children of criminal mothers had a criminal conviction by the age of 18? (Crowe)
50%
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What percentage of adopted children of non criminal mothers had a criminal conviction by the age of 18? (Crowe)
5%
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Glueck's study of somatotypes found what percentage of delinquents were mesomorphs (Sheldon)
60%
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Glueck's study of somatotypes found what percentage of non delinquents were mesomorphs (Sheldon)
31%
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Where did Raine find damage in the brains of impulsive killers?
Pre frontal lobe
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What is Skinner's operant conditioning?
The way in which behaviours can be learnt through reward and punishment which leads to a connection is made between action and consequences.
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What is Negative Reinforcement?
Negative reinforcement involves receiving something positive for a bad action that encourages it to be repeated.
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What is Penal Populism?
When political parties competing to be harsher on crime.
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What is exclusion in terms of the prison system?
The idea that punishments should lead to people being excluded from society.
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What year was the PACE act introduced?
1984
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Who came up with the theory of maternal deprevation
Back
Bowlby
Card 3
Front
What is behaviorist psychology?
Back
Card 4
Front
What is positive reinforcement?
Back
Card 5
Front
What did the bobo doll experiment find out?
Back
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