Computing 1

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Computer system
Its a combination of hardware and software that is able to take an input, process it and then produces an output
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Dedicated
Something which is designed for one particular purpose
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Embedded system
A computer system that forms a part of an electronic device
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Kernel
The lowest level of operating system that controls hardware
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HTML
stands for hypertext mark up language - a text based system for defining web pags
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PDF
portable document format - a file standard that produces a document accurately on any platform
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International organisation for standardisation (ISO)
The worlds largest standard developing organisation
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TCP/IP
Transmission control protocol/Internet protocol - a set of standards that controls how data is sent across network including the internet
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Computer architecture
The internal, logical structure and organisation of computer hardware
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Binary
A system of numbers consisting of only two digits (1 and 0) written is base 2
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CPU
Central processing unit of the computer contains the control unit, ALU and cache memory
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Control unit
The control unit works with the CPU to control the flow of data within a system
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ALU
The ALU performs all the arithmetic and logical operations within the computer
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Random access memory (RAM)
The main memory of a computer that stores data, applications and operating system. It is volatile
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Cache memory
Special high speed memory used by a computer
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Flash memory
Is a type of solid state memory used as a low cost secondary storage in portable (removable) devices
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Solid state
Technology based on electronics with no moving parts
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Secondary storage
A non-volatile storage used to store programs and files that are needed even when the computer is not on
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Fetch-execute cycle
This is the process of fetching the instructions from memory, decoding them and then executing them so that the CPU performs continuously
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Read only memory (ROM)
A store for data in a computer that can not be overwritten. Data in the ROM is non-volatile
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Clock chip
The electronic device in a computer that controls the timing of signals
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Bus
a part of a computer architecture that that transfers data signals between the components of the computer
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Motherboard
The central printed circuit board (PCB) that hold the crucial components of the system
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Dual-core/Quad-core
A CPU with multiple processors
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Bit
Binary digit 0 or 1
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Byte
8 bits
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Kilobyte
1024 bytes
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Volatile
Data lost when there is no power
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Non-volatile
Data retained even when power is turned off
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Virtual memory
A section of the hard disk used as if it were RAM to supplement the amount of main memory available to the computer
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Logic gate
A circuit that produces an output based on the inputs
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NOT
A logic gate that outputs the opposite value to the input
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AND
A logic gate that outputs 1 if both inputs are 1
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OR
A logic gate that outputs 1 if either, or both, of the two inputs are 1
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Truth table
A method for recording all the possible input combinations and determining the output for each
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Logic circuit
A circuit made by combining a sequence of logic gate
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Boolean algebra
A method for expressing mathematically a logic circuit
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Input device
A hardware device used to input data into a computer system for processing
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Keyboard
A device that uses labelled keys to enable data input into a computer
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Mouse
A device that controls the movement of a pointer on screen, based on its own movement
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Touch screen
A touch sensitive surface that allows the user to control the device
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Microphone
A device for capturing sound
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Camera
A device to capture still or moving images
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Bar code
A pattern of thin lines representing a number that can be scanned and read by a computer
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RFID
Radio frequency identification uses radio frequencies to represent a number that can be scanned into a computer system
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Sensor
A device that can detect physical changes such as temperature, weight, light, sound, etc
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Monitor
A device that can display images and text
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Printer
A device used to produce physical copies of output from a computer system
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Speaker
A device to output sound
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Actuator
A device to produce physical movement based on output from a computer system
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Something which is designed for one particular purpose

Back

Dedicated

Card 3

Front

A computer system that forms a part of an electronic device

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

The lowest level of operating system that controls hardware

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

stands for hypertext mark up language - a text based system for defining web pags

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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