Pyruvate being incorporated into Krebs Cycle by binding with Co-Enzyme A
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How does the Krebs cycle start?
Oxaloacetate combines with Acetyl CoA to form the 6 carbon compound Citrate.
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How many times does the Krebs Cycle occur per Glucose molecule?
2
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Why is oxygen required in oxidative phosphorylation?
Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor at the end of the electron transport chain
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How many ATP molecules are synthesised per glucose molecule?
38
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During Oxidative Phosphorylation, why does the inter-membranous space become increasingly acidic?
Hydrogen ions are pumped from the matrix (using energy from the high-energy electrons) through a protein carrier.
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Why do plants have multiple photosynthetic pigments?
Allows them to absorb the greatest frequency of light photons during the light dependent stage of photosynthesis
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What are the two photosystems?
p700 and p680
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What is the function of light photons in the light dependent reaction?
Excites electrons from the chlorophyll a molecule at the reaction centre of the photosystem
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What is Cyclic Photophosphorylation?
Involves photosystem 1 - electrons lost from reaction centre return. No reduced NADP produced, but ATP is synthesised via Chemiosmosis
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How is Non-cyclic Photophosphorylation different from Cyclic Photophosphorylation?
Involves both photosystems, and electrons lost from PS1 are replaced by water splitting (photolysis). Reduced NADP is produced from accepting electrons at the end
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How does the Calvin Cycle start?
The enzyme Rubisco catalyses the reaction of CO2 with Ribulose Bisphosphate to form an unstable 6C compound.
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A bacteria is spherical and stained pink during a gram stain. How is this classified?
Gram Negative coccus
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Why is safranin used during a gram stain?
It is a counter-stain to help identify Gram Negative bacteria
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A bacteria that can only grow in the presence of oxygen is known as...
An obligate aerobe
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A bacteria that can grow both in the presence and absence of oxygen (but is faster in the presence) is known as...
A facultative aerobe
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A ten-fold serial dilution has taken place. This involves:
Transferring 1cm3 of bacterial culture into 9cm3 of distilled water. Repeat process as many times as you want and incubate
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Why are fisherman having to increase the mesh size of their nets?
To ensure that they only catch adult, sexually mature fish
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Why is it important that we avoid crossing planetary boundaries?
Crossing them can lead to sudden, catastrophic and irreversible changes to the environment.
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What is the equation for working out NPP (Net Primary Productivity) ?
NPP = GPP - R
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Why, in a food chain, (ecologically speaking) are there only 3-4 trophic levels?
There is insufficient energy to support another trophic level
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How are primary and secondary succession different?
Secondary succession occurs in a habitat that was previously occupied but suddenly disrupted. Primary succession involves pioneer species in a previously uninhabited area
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What is the main problem with using artificial fertilisers
Leaching of fertilisers into water sources causes eutrophication
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is the link reaction?
Back
Pyruvate being incorporated into Krebs Cycle by binding with Co-Enzyme A
Card 3
Front
How does the Krebs cycle start?
Back
Card 4
Front
How many times does the Krebs Cycle occur per Glucose molecule?
Back
Card 5
Front
Why is oxygen required in oxidative phosphorylation?
Q19 about non-cyclic vs cyclic photophosphorylation is incorrect, answer should be D. This is because the photolysis of water replaces two electrons lost at PSII, not PSI.
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