Cognitive approach

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What is the cognitive approach?
It explores how cognitive process takes place and connecting new information with the old.
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What are the 4 key theoretical principles?
Assimilation
Accommodation
Schema
Sequential
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What does assimilation mean?
Learning builds on what students already know and can do.
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What does accommodation mean?
Knowledge is actively constructed through a process of discovery.
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What does schema mean?
Learning is measured by a change in an individual's pattern of schema.
Schema -> a pattern of thought or behaviors.
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What does sequential mean?
Learning follows a sequence of stages.
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Name the 3 cognitive theorists.
Jean Piaget
Jerome Bruner
David Kolb
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What were the 4 stages Bruner explored in cognitive development?
Sensorimotor
Preoperational
Concrete Operations
Formal Operations
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What are the features of sensorimotor?
0-2 years.
- Development of object performance.
- The child begins to use symbols.
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What are the features of preoperational?
2-7 years.
- The child uses symbols in play and thought.
- Egocentrism.
- Animism
- Inability to conserve.
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What are the features of concrete operations
7-11 years
- Ability to conserve.
- Children begin to solve mental problems using practical supports such as counters and objects.
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What are the features of formal operations?
11-15 years
- Solving abstract problems without props.
- Ability to analyse and hypothesize.
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What were the 3 modes of representation that Bruner explored?
Enactive representation
Iconic representation
Symbolic representation
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What is enactive representation?
0-1 year
- Thinking is based entirely on physical actions, and learning by doing.
- It involves encoding physical action-based information and storing it in our memory.
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What is iconic representation?
1-6 years
- Information is stored as sensory images like pictures in the mind.
- Thinking is based on the use of other mental images like senses.
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What is symbolic representation?
7+ years
- Where information is stored in the form of a code or symbol such as language.
- Symbols are flexible, so they can be manipulated, ordered or classified.
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What was David Kolb's development?
The reflective process.
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What were the 4 stages of the reflective process?
Concrete experience
Reflective observation
Abstract conceptualisation
Active experimentation
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What is concrete experience?
When a learner encounters an activity of experience for themselves.
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What is reflective observation of a new experience?
When a learner thinks back, or reflects, on their experience.
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What is abstract conceptualisation?
When a learner has a new idea or has changed their thinking due to their experiences.
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What is active experimentation?
It applies a new way of thinking to a future experience.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are the 4 key theoretical principles?

Back

Assimilation
Accommodation
Schema
Sequential

Card 3

Front

What does assimilation mean?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What does accommodation mean?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What does schema mean?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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