Cognitive Approach

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  • Created by: Shed16705
  • Created on: 19-09-21 18:43
Assumptions
In contrast to the behaviourist approach, the cognitive approach argues that internal mental processes can, and should, be studied scientifically. as a result, it has investigated those areas neglected by behaviourists.
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Theoretical models
Theoretical models are simplified representations based on current research evidence. Models are often pictorial, represented by boxes and arrows. These models are frequently changed, updated and refined to account for new evidence.
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Computer models
Where the mind is compared to a computer by suggesting there are similarities in the way information is processed.
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Role of schemas
A schema is a cognitive framework that helps organise and interpret information in the brain.
They are useful as they allow us to take shortcuts when processing information. They can also lead to stereotypes about people and cultures.
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The emergence of cognitive neuroscience
The use of non-invasive neuroimaging techniques (MRI, PET) help psychologists understand how the brain supports different cognitive activities and emotions by showing what part of the brain becomes active in certain situations.
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Strength: Practical applications
The cognitive approach can be applied to other areas of psychology & has been used to explain how a lot of the dysfunctional behaviour shown by people can be traced back to faulty thinking processes. This has led to the treatment of illnesses, like OCD.
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Strength: Scientific approach
The use of the experimental method provides researchers with a rigorous method for collecting and evaluating evidence in order to reach accurate conclusions about how the mind works.
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Limitations: Ignores emotions and motivation
It can tell us how cognitive processes take place but not why. The role of emotion and motivation have been largely ignored. May be because of the over-dependence on information processing analogies.
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Limitation: Limitations of computer models
Uses computer models to explain human coding. However, there are important differences between a computer and a person. Computers don't make mistakes, nor do they ignore or forget things. Humans do all of these things.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Theoretical models are simplified representations based on current research evidence. Models are often pictorial, represented by boxes and arrows. These models are frequently changed, updated and refined to account for new evidence.

Back

Theoretical models

Card 3

Front

Where the mind is compared to a computer by suggesting there are similarities in the way information is processed.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

A schema is a cognitive framework that helps organise and interpret information in the brain.
They are useful as they allow us to take shortcuts when processing information. They can also lead to stereotypes about people and cultures.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

The use of non-invasive neuroimaging techniques (MRI, PET) help psychologists understand how the brain supports different cognitive activities and emotions by showing what part of the brain becomes active in certain situations.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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