6. What percentage of members of the working class were union members in 1979 and 1997?
21%-12%
31%-28%
38%-21%
44%-22%
7. How would Heath, Jowell and Curtis characterise the change in support for the Labour party in 1997?
a shift
gradual realignment
critical realignment
critical juncture
8. Who found that left-wing extremism has no effect on the extent of class voting but left-right polarization does?
Jansen, Evans and De Graaf
Lipset and Rokkan
Heath, Jowell and Curtis
Evans and Tilley
9. Which of the following is not an explanation for the change in class voting explored by Best?
income
size of group
loyalty
turnout
10. Who found that having more polarized parties correlates with higher partisanship amongst voters?
Heath
Best
Evans
Tilley
11. Who said 'A person thinks politically as he is socially'?
Best
Heath
Lazarsfeld
Blair
12. Who says that demographic facts provide a low-information shortcut to estimating candidates' policy preferences?
Popkin
Pitkin
Parsons
Heath
13. Who shows that there is a persisting difference in party preference between cohorts which demonstrates the impact of generational socialization effects?
Butler and Stokes
Lipset and Rokkan
Brooks and Manza
Evans and Tilley
14. What percentage of members of the working class were council house tenants in 1979 and 1997?
60%-42%
54%-34%
44%-24%
20%-12%
15. Which group in the USA, according to Brooks and Manza have moved from being the most likely to vote Republican to the second most likely to vote Democrat?
White-collar
Blue-collar
Professionals
Non-manual service
16. Who said: 'the reason Labour lost in 1992... society had changed and we did not change with it'?
John Prescott
David Milliband
Tony Blair
Gordon Brown
17. Who found that social (descriptive) representation matters more than policy (substantive) representation when making vote choices?
Heath
Best
Jowell
Curtis
18. Which of the following is not a reason given by Heath, Jowell and Curtis for the decline in size of the traditional Labour voter base?
immigration
decrease in the number of council house tennants
decline in union membership
19. Who says that it is undeniable that workers still favour leftist parties, there are just fewer of them to do so?
Dalton
Mair
Best
Crouch
20. Who put forward the theory of cognitive mobilization? (voters rely less on social cues when casting votes due to educational increases and media)