Civil War & Charles' trial

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Who supported the king?
Rich lords and nobles, Catholics, North and South West of England
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Who supported Parliament?
Merchants and businessmen, Puritans,
London, South of England, coastal areas and large towns
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What were Royalists called and what did they wear?
They were called cavaliers and wore red sashes, long hair and stylish clothes
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What were Parliamentarians called and what did they wear?
They were called Roundheads and wore yellow sashes and bowl-cut haircuts.
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What were cavalry?
They were soldiers, generally richer men, on horse back who tried to cut through enemy lines by firing pistols and cutting down men with swords
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What was infantry and were the types of infantry?
Infantry were foot soldiers and there were pikemen and musketeers
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What were the pikemen?
They held a 5m pike and stood at the front of the army, sticking the pike at the enemy's horses. They carried swords and heavy armor too.
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What were the musqueteers?
They carried a musket, a slow, clumsy gun, so heavy it needed a rest, which was fired using a match, and could shoot a ball or shot up to 400m. They also had a bullet pouch and gunpowder cases and used their weapon as a club when the enemy got close.
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What was a trainband?
Fighting troops that important cities like London had, made u of citizens trained a equipped by the authority
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Prince Rupert
Charles I's nephew and the most important Cavalier after the king himself
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Battle of Edgehill
1642 - Stalemate
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Battle of Turnham Green
1642 - Parliamentarian Victory/Stalemate
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Battle of Newbury
1643 - Parliamentarian Victory/Stalemate
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Battle of Marston Moor
1644 - Parliamentarian Victory
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Battle of Naseby
1645 - Parliamentarian Victory
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Thomas Fairfax
Commanding General of the New Model Army
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The New Model Army
The Roundhead Army, led by Fairfax
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Oliver Cromwell
MP and devout Puritan. In charge of New Model Army cavalry, responsible for key victories
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When and where did the Royalists surrender?
1646 - Oxford
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How much was Charles sold out for by the Scots?
£400,000
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What was the duration of the Second Civil War?
June-Aug 1646
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Why did the Second Civil War happen?
Because Charles betrayed Parliament by making a deal with the Scots
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Why did Charles lose the Second Civil War?
Because the Royalists were poorly organized and easily put down
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What were the battles of the Second Civil War?
Colchester - Fairfax victory
Wales & Lancashire - Cromwell victory
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Pride's Purge
Colonel Pride surrounded Parliament and refused access to MPs in favour of Charles's reinstating, in 1648
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The Rump Parliament
80 out of the 507 MPs remaining after Pride's Purge,
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What was the Rump's decision?
decided Charles should go on trial
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Why did only 67 out of the 135 judges show up?
They were afraid of public contempt and assassination
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Why did John Bradshaw were a bulletproof hat?
In fear of assassination
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When was the trial?
From the 20th to 27th of Jan 1649
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What did Charles plead?
He did not plead at all
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What was Charles' attitude to teh court?
He refused to acknowledge the court and its legality.
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What was Charles charged with?
Treason, and causing the Civil War and all the grievances within it
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What happened on the first three days?
Charles refused to answer the court and te trail was not succesful.
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What happened between the 4th and 6th days?
Witnesses were called to make statements but Charles was not called.
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What was the verdict?
On the last day, Charles was not allowed to speak and was pronounced guilty and to be beheaded.
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When and where was the execution?
30 Jan 1649 - outside Whitehall Banqueting House
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Why did the executioners hide their identity?
Fear of public contempt
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Why did Charles wear two shirts?
It was a cold morning and did not want to appear to be shivering from fear
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What was the reaction of his execution?
It was a mixed reaction
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Who supported Parliament?

Back

Merchants and businessmen, Puritans,
London, South of England, coastal areas and large towns

Card 3

Front

What were Royalists called and what did they wear?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What were Parliamentarians called and what did they wear?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What were cavalry?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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