A substance made up of either compounds or elements and can be easily separated
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What is ionic bonding
Occurs between a metal and a non metal atoms loose or gain electrons to form charged particles which are attracted to each other due to opposite charges
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What is covalent bonding
Occurs between two non metals electrons are shared with other atoms so they have a full outer shell
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Periodic table
Metals form positive ions because they loose electrons and non metals form negative ions because they gain electrons
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What does the ionic charge on the ions create
They create an electrostatic attraction forces are what bonds ionic compounds together
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What are free electrons called
Delocalised electrons
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Why cant ionic structures conduct electricity when solid
The ions are not free to move through a solid so ionic compounds so ionic compounds can not conduct electricity
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How do ionic structures conduct electricity
When dissolved or molten the ions separate and are free to move in the soultion so they will carry an electrical current
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How are the ions arranged
In a lattice arrangment
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Why do they have high melting and boiling points
The boiling and melting points are high because they have strong bonds in there solid structure
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Characteristics of a pure metal
soft, easily shaped, mallable, not very useful as they are soft
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Characteristics of an alloy
Mixture of metals, neat rows and collumns
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What is a shape memory alloy
Shape memory alloys can return to their orginal shape after being bent or twisted
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What are polymers
Made up of long chains of monomers
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Characteristics of plastics
Dont conduct electricity, poor conductors of heat and unreactive
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LDPE charcteristics
Branching chains makes plastic light, soft and easy to melt which prevents them from packing tightly
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HDPE characteristics
Linked up chains make plastic dense, rigid and harder to melt
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