Chemistry Elements of life

?
  • Created by: Chloesn
  • Created on: 28-02-14 09:20
Tells you the number of times an atom of an element is heavier than one-twelfth of an atom of 12C. Has no units.
RAM
1 of 42
The mass of one mole is equal to the relative atomic mass in g.
Molar mass
2 of 42
The ... is the unit that measures amount of substance in such a way that equal amounts of elements consist of equal numbers of atoms.
Mole
3 of 42
One mole of any substance contains 6.02 x 1023 (Na), formula units. Number of particles in 1 mole of substance.
Avogadro's constant
4 of 42
The substances on the far left in an equation that react together to form a product/s.
Reactants
5 of 42
The substance/s formed because of a reaction between reactants.
Products
6 of 42
Sub-atomic particle in the nucleus with a mass of 1 and charge of +1.
Proton
7 of 42
Sub-atomic particle in the nucleus with a mass of 1 and charge of 0.
Neutron
8 of 42
Sub-atomic particle around the nucleus with a very small mass c.0.00055 and charge of -1.
Electron
9 of 42
Atoms of the same element with the same atomic number (number of protons), but different mass numbers (number of neutrons).
Isotopes
10 of 42
Helium nuclei (42He), common among heavy elements with atomic no. 83+. It reduces the mass - the isotope produced will have a mass 4 units lower and nuclear charge 2 units lower. i.e 23892U → 23490Th + 42He
Alpha radiation
11 of 42
Emissions of electrons 0^-1e, common among light elements which isotopes contain a relatively large number of electrons. i.e 146C --? 147N + 0-1e. Stopped by aluminum foil, deflection in electric field - high.
Beta radiation
12 of 42
Accompanies alpha/beta, causing no change in the atom; just a release of energy. Stopped by lead sheet, deflection in electric field - none
Gamma radiation
13 of 42
Both bonds in a this bond come from the same atom
Dative covalent bonds
14 of 42
A positively charged ion, i.e., one that would be attracted to the cathode in electrolysis
Cations
15 of 42
A negatively charged ion, i.e., one that would be attracted to the anode in electrolysis
Anions
16 of 42
(Web definition the tendency of an atom or radical to attract electrons in the formation of an ionic bond). Each atoms attraction for bonding electrons - it’s ‘electron pulling power’
Electronegativity
17 of 42
When outer shell electrons are shared by all the atoms in a compound
Delocalised
18 of 42
Electrons not involved in bonding are
Lone pairs
19 of 42
Four groups of electrons result in bond angles of 109O - Methane CH4, 109O 4 bonding pairs.
Tetrahedral
20 of 42
Arranged in or extending along a straight or nearly straight line.
Linear
21 of 42
Two groups of electrons result in bond angles of 180O - Carbon dioxide CO2, 180O 2 double bonds.
Planar triangular
22 of 42
Four groups of electrons result in bond angles of 109O - Water H2O, 109O 2 bonding pairs, 2 lone pairs.
Bent
23 of 42
Three groups of electrons result in bond angles of 120O - Ammonia NH3, 120O 3 bonding pairs, 1 lone pair.
Pyramidal
24 of 42
The study of how light and matter interact.
Spectroscopy
25 of 42
Technique of chemical analysis, widely used, to find the composition of a sample.
Atomic spectroscopy
26 of 42
Seen on earth is the spectrum of visible light (looks like a rainbow) with black lines corresponding to the absorptions of energy by the electrons.
Absorption spectra
27 of 42
Has a black background with coloured lines on it, the lines correspond to the emissions of energy by the electrons.
Emission spectra
28 of 42
A package of energy
Photon
29 of 42
Levels are labelled with numbers, starting at 1 for the lowest level- ground state.
Ground state
30 of 42
Can be represented by this - X(g) → X+ (g) + e_ As energy increases the levels become more closely spaced, until they converge. After this point,which corresponds to the electron escaping from the atom, the electron is free to move around with any
Ionisation energy
31 of 42
An apparatus for separating isotopes, can be used to identify the mass and relative abundance of different isotopes in an element.
Mass spectrometer
32 of 42
The sample to be analysed has to be ionised first - electron impact and laser impulsing, solid. Electron impact - heated filament produces high-energy electrons, bombarding atoms/molecules in the sample and knock electrons out. Cations are formed
Ionisation area
33 of 42
The ions produced in the ionisation area are separated according to their mass. Techniques for this. Some systems measure deflection of an ionised, accelerated beam of ions in a magnetic or electric field.
Acceleration area
34 of 42
The most intense peak is called the ... The most abundant ion gives the strongest detector signal.
Base peak
35 of 42
Trends in patterns as you go down a group, but also properties vary in a fairly regular way as you go across a period from left to right - the pattern is then repeated as you go across the next period.
Periodicity
36 of 42
Vertical rows in the Periodic Table. Elements in a group show specific similarities.
Groups
37 of 42
The size of an atom is determined by the space its electrons occupy.
Atomic size
38 of 42
One of the two groups in of reactive metals in the s block - alkaline earth metals.
Group 2 elements
39 of 42
The stability of a molecule at high temperatures; i.e. a molecule with more stability has more resistance to decomposition at high temperatures.
Thermal stability
40 of 42
General formula - M(OH)2 . In water the ... form alkaline solutions, although they are not very soluble. Most strongly alkaline .... and oxides are thoses at the bottom of the group. More soluble as you go down.
Hydroxides
41 of 42
General formula for Group 2 .... MCO3 . Become more difficult to decompose as you go down the Group. (Heating). Less soluble as you go down.
Carbonates
42 of 42

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The mass of one mole is equal to the relative atomic mass in g.

Back

Molar mass

Card 3

Front

The ... is the unit that measures amount of substance in such a way that equal amounts of elements consist of equal numbers of atoms.

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

One mole of any substance contains 6.02 x 1023 (Na), formula units. Number of particles in 1 mole of substance.

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

The substances on the far left in an equation that react together to form a product/s.

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Chemistry resources:

See all Chemistry resources »See all Unit 1 resources »