Anything that has mass, occupies space and can be perceived by senses.
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Pure Substance
Has distinct, measurable physical and chemical properties, and the same composition throughout.
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Element
A substance that contains only one type of atom.
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Compound
A substance that contains more than one type of atom and in which the elements are always combined in the same fixed proportion.
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Physical Changes
When the form of matter is changed without changing its chemical composition.
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Chemical Changes
When one or more kinds of matter are transformed into a new kind of matter (or several kinds of matter), involving the production of new substances.
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Mixtures
A physical combination of two or more pure substances, in which no chemical reaction has occurred, where the proportion of components can vary depending on the sample.
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Homogeneous Mixture
A mixture consisting of two or more substances, which are uniformly distributed so that the composition, and chemical and physical properties, are uniform throughout.
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Heterogeneous Mixture
A mixture possessing two or more different and distinct types of phases in one sample, so the composition is not uniform throughout.
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Phases
The visibly different regions in mixtures.
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Orbitals
Areas within atoms where there is a high probability of finding electrons.
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Pauli Exclusion Principle
No two electrons can occupy the same quantum position or state.
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Hund's Rule
Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied before any orbital is doubly occupied.
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Condensed Electron Configuration
Allows electron configuration to be shortened for convenience by placing the symbol of the Nobel Gas from the previous period in square brackets before the rest of the notation.
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Nobel Gas Notation
Allows electron configuration to be shortened for convenience by placing the symbol of the Nobel Gas from the previous period in square brackets before the rest of the notation.
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Ions
A positively or negatively charged atom or group of atoms.
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Isotopes
Atoms of an element that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
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Weighted Average
The accepted atomic mass for an element, shown on the periodic table, calculated from the relative isotopic abundance of elements in nature.
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Relative Isotopic Mass
Used to calculate the weighted average mass of an element for the periodic table.
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Effective Nuclear Charge
A measure of the attractive force felt by the valence electrons towards the nucleus.
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Effective Nuclear Charge (Equation)
Effective Nuclear Charge = Number of Protons - Number of Total Inner-Shell Electrons
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Has distinct, measurable physical and chemical properties, and the same composition throughout.
Back
Pure Substance
Card 3
Front
A substance that contains only one type of atom.
Back
Card 4
Front
A substance that contains more than one type of atom and in which the elements are always combined in the same fixed proportion.
Back
Card 5
Front
When the form of matter is changed without changing its chemical composition.
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