Chemistry C3 5.3 Carboxylic acids and esters.

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What pH value do solutions of carboxylic acid have and what do they react with?
Solutions of carboxylic acids have a pH value less than 7 and their acidic solutions rect with carbonates, gently fizzing as they release carbon dioxide gas.
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What is the pH value of aqueous solutions of weak acid in relation to solutions of strong acids with the same concentration?
Aqueous solutions of weak acids have a higher pH value than solutions of strong acids with the same concentration.
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How are esters made?
Esters are made by reacting a carboxylic acid and an alcohol together with an acid catalyst.
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What are esters?
Esters are volatile compounds used in flavourings and perfumes. They have distinctive smells, some esters have pleasant fruity smells.
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What do carboxylic acids dissolve in water to produce?
Solutions with a pH value of less than 7.
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Carboxylic acids have properties typical of all acids, what happens when carboxylic acids are added to carbonates?
They fizz because they react to produce carbon dioxide. A salt and water are also produced.
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How are carboxylic acids different from other acids?
They react with alcohols in the presence of an acid catalyst to produce esters, e.g. ethanol and ethanoic acid react together when mixed with sulfuric acid as a catalyst to produce ethyl ethanoate and water.
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What happens to hydrochloric acid in aqueous solution?
Hydrochloric acid ionises completely to hydrogen ions and chloride ions.
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What is the symbol equation for the reaction of hydrochloric acid in aqueous solution?
HCl(aq) → H^+(aq) + Cl^-(aq).
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What are acids that ionise completely in aqueous solutions known as?
Strong acids.
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What happens when ethanoic acid dissolve in water?
It does not ionise completely and some of the ethanoic acid molecules remain as molecules in the solution.
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What is the symbol equation for the reaction of ethanoic acid?
CH₃COOH(aq) ⇋ CH₃COOO^-(aq) + H^+(aq).
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What are acids that do not ionise completely in aqueous solution known as?
Weak acids.
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What do weak acids have in relation to strong acids in aqueous solutions of equal concentration?
In aqueous solutions of equal concentrations, weak acids have a higher pH and react more slowly than strong acids.
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How can you tell if a solution is acidic?
If its pH is less than 7 or if it fizzes when added to a carbonate.
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Why do carboxylic acids have properties similar to all other acids?
They produce H^+(aq), hydrogen ions in aqueous solutions.
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Why are some esters used as flavourings?
They have distinctive smells/tastes that are fruity/pleasant.
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What is th balanced equation to show that propanoic acid is a weak acid?
CH₃CH₂COOH(aq) ⇌ CH₃CH₂COO^-(aq) + H^+(aq).
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**YOU NEED TO BE ABLE TO EXPLAIN WHY CARBOXYLIC ACIDS ARE WEAK ACIDS AND KNOW HOW TO TELL THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WEAK AND STRONG ACIDS**
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Card 2

Front

What is the pH value of aqueous solutions of weak acid in relation to solutions of strong acids with the same concentration?

Back

Aqueous solutions of weak acids have a higher pH value than solutions of strong acids with the same concentration.

Card 3

Front

How are esters made?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are esters?

Back

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Card 5

Front

What do carboxylic acids dissolve in water to produce?

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