Chemistry - bonding

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  • Created by: midget17
  • Created on: 06-04-18 14:33
What is ionic bonding?
Transfer of electrons from metal atoms to non-metal atoms
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What happens to metal atoms in ionic bonding?
Lose electrons to become positively charged ions
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What happens to non-metal atoms in ionic bonding?
Gain electrons to become negatively charged ions
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Properties of ionic compounds
Have melting and boiling points, don't conduct electricity when solid, conduct electricity when solid (charged ions free to move about)
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Metallic bonding
Attraction between positive ions and delocalised negatively charged electrons
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Properties of metals
...it moves up and decreases when it moves down
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Alloys
Mixtues that contain a metal and at least one other element
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Why are alloys more useful than pure metals?
Pure metals are too soft, alloy layers don't slife over each other because the extra element disturbs the regular arrangement of atoms, stronger and harder
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Why steel is more useful than pure iron
Iron is brittle, limited uses, soft and malleable, steel with lots of carbon is hard, less carbon is soft, resistant to corrosion
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Covalent bonding
Shared electrons between atoms of non-metals, shown using dot-cross diagrams, strong bonds
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Simple molecules of covalent bonds - properties
No overall electrical charge, low melting and boiling points, weak intermolecular forces
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Giant covalent structures- diamond
Giant, rigid structure, each carbon atom contain four covalent bonds, hard substance, high melting point, doesn't conduct electricity (no charged particles)
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Giant covalent structures - graphite
High melting point, each carbon atom has three covalent bonds with carbon, layered hexagonal structure, weak intermolecular forces, soft and slippery, one elctron is delocalised allowing graphite to conduct heat and electricity
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Giant covalent structures - silicon dioxide
Similar structure to diamond, each oxygen is joined to two silicon atoms, each silicon atom is joined to four oxygen atoms
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What happens to metal atoms in ionic bonding?

Back

Lose electrons to become positively charged ions

Card 3

Front

What happens to non-metal atoms in ionic bonding?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Properties of ionic compounds

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Metallic bonding

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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