Atomic Structure Definitions 0.0 / 5 ? ChemistryAtomic StructureASCCEA Created by: catherine312Created on: 17-04-22 22:59 Mass Number The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom 1 of 17 Atomic Number The total number of protons in the nucleus of an atom 2 of 17 Carbon-12 Standard Atomic masses are measured relative to 12C which has a mass of 12.000 3 of 17 Relative Atomic Mass (RAM) Average mass of an atom of an element relative to 1/12th the mass of an atom of carbon-12 4 of 17 Isotopes Atoms which have the same atomic number but a different mass number 5 of 17 Relative Isotopic Mass (RIM) The mass of an atom of an isotope of an element relative to 1/12th the mass of an atom of 12C 6 of 17 Relative Molecular Mass (RMM) The average mass of a molecule relative to 1/12th the mass of an atom of carbon-12 7 of 17 Relative Formula Mass (RFM) The average mass of a formula relative to 1/12th the mass of an atom of carbon-12 8 of 17 Molecular Ion Two or more atoms covalently bonded together with an overall charge 9 of 17 Fragment Ion A positively charged ion produced when the molecular ion breaks apart 10 of 17 Convergence Limit The point at which ionisation occurs to form a positively charged ion 11 of 17 Ground State Where electrons occupy the lowest energy sub-shells available to produce electronic configurations with the lowest energy 12 of 17 Orbital An orbital is a region within an atom that can hold up to 2 electrons with opposite spin 13 of 17 Ionisation Energy (general definition) A measure of the amount of energy needed to remove electrons from atoms or ions 14 of 17 First Ionisation Energy Energy required to covert 1 mole of gaseous atoms into gaseous ions with a single positive charge 15 of 17 Second Ionisation Energy Energy required to convert 1 mole of gaseous ions with a single positive charge into gaseous ions with a double positive charge 16 of 17 Third Ionisation Energy Energy required to convert 1 mole of gaseous ions with a double positive charge into gaseous ions with a triple positive charge 17 of 17
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