In terms of electron transfer, what is an oxidising agent?
An electron acceptor
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How is Geometric isomerism produced?
Double bond restricts bond rotation, and is two different groups on each of the C=Cs
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What are the advantages and disadvantages to fermentation when compared to hydration?
-Sustainable -Batch Process -Lower cost for equip and plants -Lower temp and pressure used -Ethanol is not pure -Slower reaction -Low atom economy -Land used for sugar crops not food crops
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How do you distinguish between Primary and Secondary Alcohols and Tertiary ones?
Add acidified potassium dichromate and warm mixture, Primary and Secondary-green solution, Tertiary-remains orange
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How do you use Tollenes' reagent to test of Aldehydes?
Add silver nitrate, add dilute sodium hydroxide, add dilute ammonia untill brown precipitate dissolves then heat in water bath and add sample. Aldehyde = Silver mirror, Ketone = no change
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What solutions can you use to distinguish between Aldehydes and Ketones?
Add Fehling's or Benedict's solution. Aldehyde = Brick red precipiate, Ketone = remains blue
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How do you test for a Carboxylic acid?
Add sodium carbonate, bubble gas produced through limewater. Carboxylic Acid = Limewater turns cloudy and solution fizz when solid sodium carbonate added
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What catalyst is used in catalytic cracking?
Zeolite (reaction produces less alkenes than thermal cracking)
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Why does a smaller sufrace area mean a lower boiling point?
Back
Weaker Van der Waals forces *between molecules*
Card 3
Front
What are the conditions and catalyst needed for the hydration of ethene?
Back
Card 4
Front
What is needed for the fermentation of glucose?
Back
Card 5
Front
What catalyst and condition is used in the dehydration of ethanol?
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