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6. The Phosopholipid bilayer is?

  • Double layer of phosolipids, with a hydrophillic head and hydrophobic tail
  • Proteins and lipids arranged in a fluid mosaic model

7. Which of these is not correct?

  • Anaphase- Centromeres split and the chromatids move to the poles of the cell
  • Prophase - Supercoiling of chromosomes, nuclear envelope breakdown, spindle forms
  • Cytokinesis - Cytoplasm spilts to make two genetically different cells
  • Metaphase -Chromosomes line up at equator of cell, with the spindle attached at the centromere
  • Telophase - Chromatids have reached the poles, nuclear envelope reforms and chromosomes begin to unravel

8. What is not a function of the membrane?

  • Produce proteins for repair
  • Membranes produce different compartments inside cells
  • Cell recognition and signalling (such as electrical signals)
  • Separate cell contents from the outside
  • Regulate transport in and out of cell

9. What is the use of glycolipids?

  • Maintains the stability and fluidity of the bi-layer when the temperature fluctuates
  • have a carbohydrate attached and is used for cell signaling, adhesion and cell surface antigens
  • Channel proteins allow larger molecules and ions through, carrier proteins actively transport things in and out of the cell

10. What is the use of cholesterol?

  • Channel proteins allow larger molecules and ions through, carrier proteins actively transport things in and out of the cell
  • Have a carbohydrate attached used for cell signalling and adhesion
  • Maintains the stability and fluidity of the bi-layer when the temperature fluctuates
  • have a carbohydrate attached and is used for cell signaling, adhesion and cell surface antigens

11. What is diffusion?

  • Net movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
  • Channel proteins provide pathways for charged molecules or those that are too big,
  • Net movement of water from high water potential to low water potential
  • Movement of ion across membranes through protein pumps that use ATP to move within the mebrane

12. What are glycoprotiens used for?

  • have a carbohydrate attached and is used for cell signaling, adhesion and cell surface antigens
  • Maintains the stability and fluidity of the bi-layer when the temperature fluctuates
  • Channel proteins allow larger molecules and ions through, carrier proteins actively transport things in and out of the cell

13. What effect does heat not have on the plasma membrane?

  • Channel proteins start to denature leaving big gaps in the cell membrane
  • Molecules vibrate less so less molecules come through
  • Molecules vibrate more, leaving temporary gaps in the phospholipid bilayer

14. What are the use of proteins in the plasma cell membrane?

  • Channel proteins allow larger molecules and ions through, carrier proteins actively transport things in and out of the cell
  • Maintains the stability and fluidity of the bi-layer when the temperature fluctuates
  • have a carbohydrate attached and is used for cell signaling, adhesion and cell surface antigens

15. What is facilitated diffusion?

  • Movement of ion across membranes through protein pumps that use ATP to move within the mebrane
  • Channel proteins provide pathways for charged molecules or those that are too big,
  • Net movement of water from high water potential to low water potential
  • Vesicles moving large amount of substance in and out of the cell via ATP

16. How is exocytosis and endocytosis carried out?

  • Vesicles moving large amount of substance in and out of the cell via ATP
  • Channel proteins provide pathways for charged molecules or those that are too big,

17. What is cell signalling not used for?

  • Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low
  • Hormones will attach to a receptor of target cells and internal response is triggered
  • Drugs like beta- blockers or aspirin will bind to certain receptors on cells
  • Some drugs that treat depression like diazepan mimic a neurotransmitter

18. Which of these statements are true?

  • Homologous chromosomes are chromosomes that don't have different versions of a gene at the same locus
  • Yeast uses mitosis to bud and make a new organism
  • Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that are not capable to differentiating into a number of different types of cells
  • Meiosis produces genetically different cells

19. What is the right order of mitosis?

  • Interphase (Cell replication), Prophase ,Metaphase, Anaphase, Telphase , Cytokineses
  • Prophase, Interphase (Cell replication), Metaphase, Anaphase, Telphase , Cytokineses
  • Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Interphase (Cell replication), Prophase ,Cytokinesis

20. What happens to a plann cell in high and low Ψ ?

  • Turgid and Plasmolysed
  • Lysis and Crentation