Cell Division

The ................ of the cell contains chromosomes made of DNA molecules

nucleus

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In body cells chromosomes are usually found in .........

pairs

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During the cell cycle the genetic material is ............... and then divided into two identical cells.

doubled

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Before a cell can divide it needs to grow and increase the number of .........-............... structures

sub-cellular

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The DNA ................ to form two copies of each chromosome

replicates

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In mitosis one set of chromosomes is pulled to each end of the cell and the nucleus

divides

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Finally the cytoplasm and cell membranes divide to form two ............... cells.

identical

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When the replication and organelle synthesis occurs

interphase

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When the nucleus divides

mitosis

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When the cell divides in two

cytokinesis

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Cell division by mitosis is important in the growth and development of ................... organisms.

multicellular

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A ............. .......... is an undifferentiated cell of an organism which is capable of giving rise to many more cells of the same type, and from which certain other cells can arise from differentiation.

stem cell

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The use of stem cells has potential risks such as transfer of viral ................. and some people have ethical or religious objections.

infection

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Treatment with stem cells may be able to help conditions such as diabetes and ...............

paralysis

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In therapeutic cloning an embryo is produced with the same .............. as the patient

genes

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In therapeutic cloning, stem cells from the embryo are not ............... by the patient’s body so they may be used for medical treatment

rejected

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Stem cells from ................ in plants can be used to produce clones of plants quickly and economically.

meristems

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Rare species can be cloned to protect from ................

extinction

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Crop plants with special features such as .............. ............... can be cloned to produce large numbers of identical plants for farmers

disease resistance

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............. stem cells are unspecialised cells that can develop into many (but not all) types of cells

adult

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............... stem cells are unspecialised cells that can develop into any type of cell.

embryonic

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Stem cells can be removed from human embryos that are a few. ........ old, for example, from unused embryos left over from fertility treatment

days

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An issue is some some human embryos will be.............. during the cloning process

destroyed

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If you were to receive medical treatment with cells grown from stem cells, your body’s immune system would recognise the cells as ......., and they would be rejected and die. But this would not happen if you received cells with the same genes as your

foreign

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Cell Division

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Card 2

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Card 4

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