what carbon postiton is the carbonyl group on in glucose
1
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what carbons react together to form cyclic glucose
1 and 6
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what differentiates beta and alpha glucose
in beta OH groups on 1 and 4 on diff sides. same on alpha
3 of 17
cyclic or straight chain more reactive?how does it cyclise?
straight chain. cyclic stored in cells. natural form as cyclised, addded to water it cyclises
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glucose as a fermentables sugar
is fermentable. produces alcohol and carbon dioxide
5 of 17
what is oligiosaccharide size
up to 9 rings
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how are disaccharides formed
condesnation reaction between OH groups. forms glycosidic bond. water released
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examples of disaccharides
lactose, sucrose, maltose
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polysaccharides examples
cellulouse starch glycogen
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starch uses and structure
energy source in plants. amylose and amylopectin. amylose alpha 1,4 glycosidic bonds straight. amylopectin alpha 1,4 and 1,6 glycosidic, branched.
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glycogen uses and structure
energy store in animals. found in liver and skeletal muscle cells. made from alpha 1,4 and 1,6 glycosidic bonds
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cellulose uses and structure
plant cell wall. indigestbale in animals. beta 1,4 gycosidic bonds. inverson of very other glucose, straight chain. h bonds between chains. stiff structurally important shape
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IBS casues in relation to sugars
irriation by porcessed foods FODMAS. high in sugar. mono and disacchrides fermentable releasing carbon dioxide causing irration
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what and how is fructose fermented
into mannitol, replaces carbonyl group with hydroxyl group
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explain dihorreha from mannitol
H bonds form between mannitol OH group and water- high osmotic value, high solubilty.
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what is conjunction with carbohydrates
increasing solubility of a drug by adding sugars
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main sugar used in conjunction, explain it
glucuronic acid- oxidised product of glucose. allows for increased H bonding as more OH groups. more soluble, elimation by kidney so drug easier excreted
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
what carbons react together to form cyclic glucose
Back
1 and 6
Card 3
Front
what differentiates beta and alpha glucose
Back
Card 4
Front
cyclic or straight chain more reactive?how does it cyclise?
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