C4 - Quick Fire Flashcards

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Where is the nucleus of an atom found?
In the middle.
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Which two sub-atomic particles are found in the nucleus?
Protons and neutrons.
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What charge does the nucleus have?
Positive.
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Where are electrons found?
Arranged in shells or orbitals around the nucleus.
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What charge do electrons carry?
Negative.
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What defines the elemental name of an atom?
The number of protons it has.
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What is the term for the chemicals that go into a reaction?
Reactants.
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What is the term for chemicals created during a reaction?
Products.
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Explain how to balance an equation.
1. Find an element that doesn't balance and pencil in a number. 2. If it creates another imbalance, deal with that one. 3. Carry on chasing unbalanced elements until everything matches.
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What colour flame does lithium burn with?
Red.
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What element burns with a lilac flame?
Potassium.
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Why do we call the specific pattern of light wavelengths released by an element?
Line spectrum.
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Name two elements that were discovered using line spectra.
Caesium, rubidium or helium.
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Name three chemists that were involved in the development of the Periodic Table.
Dobereiner, Newland, Mendeleev
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How many elements were in Dobereiner's groups?
Three.
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What did Newland call his groups?
Octaves.
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Why was Mendeleev's table of elements different to previous efforts?
He left gaps and predicted new elements.
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What are the vertical columns in the Periodic Table called?
Groups.
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what are the horizontal rows in the Periodic Table called?
Periods.
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How many elements are in the Periodic Table?
About 100. (118 to be exact.)
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What is the total number of protons and neutrons called?
The relative atomic mass.
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How many electrons fit in the first shell of any element?
Two.
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What is the electron configuration of silicon?
2, 8, 4
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What do elements in the same group have in common?
They have the same number of electrons in their outer shell. they react in similar ways.
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What is the total number of protons and neutrons called?
The relative atomic mass.
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How many electrons fit in the first shell of any element?
Two.
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What is the electron configuration of silicon?
2, 8, 4
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What do elements in the same group have in common?
They have the same number of electrons in their outer shell. They react in similar ways.
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Why don't elements in Group 8 react?
They have full outer shells.
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Why are the elements in Group 1 so reactive?
They only have one electron in their outer shell and want to get rid of it.
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What kind of ions do Group 1 metals make?
Positive ions. eg. Na+
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What is ionic bonding?
The transfer of electrons from one element to another, causing a difference in charges and an attraction.
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What pattern do ionic compounds form?
Regular lattice.
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Why can ionic compounds conduct electricity when molten or dissolved in water?
Ions are able to move and form a 'sea of electrons'.
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What do the charges in an ionic compound add up to?
Zero.
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Find the formula of lithium fluoride.
LiF
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What are the Group 1 metals also known as?
Alkali metals.
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What are Group 7 elements known as?
The halogens.
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As you move down Group 1, what patterns can you see?
Elements become more reactive, have a higher density, have a lower melting point, have a lower boiling point.
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What gas is produced when Group 1 metals react with water?
Hydrogen
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What is a displacement reaction?
When a more reactive element 'pushes out' (displaces) a less reactive element from a compound.
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What does 'diatomic' mean?
An element that likes to exist as pairs of atoms. Eg. Group 7 elements.
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What trends are present down Group 7?
Elements become less reactive, have a higher melting point, have a higher boiling point.
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Why do Group 7 elements become less reactive down the group?
The outer electrons are further away from the nucleus, and so additional electrons are attracted less strongly.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Which two sub-atomic particles are found in the nucleus?

Back

Protons and neutrons.

Card 3

Front

What charge does the nucleus have?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Where are electrons found?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What charge do electrons carry?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

nicoleaa

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Great for recapping! Thaaanks!

ewelyn

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Nice variety of questions, but the formula for the Lithium Fluoride question doesn't really work because you can only type in upper case / capitals. Other than that it's all good!

theninjaemu

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Is flashcard 12 meant to say "what" instead of "why?"

eella

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is this in the additional chemsirty course? thanks

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