It is between the core and the crust. Near the surface of Earth it is cold and rigid but deeper down it becomes hot and able to move.
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Describe what happens at a subduction zone.
Convection currents move the tectonic platesand they collide. When a dense oceanic plate hits a less dense continental plate, the continental plate sinks and gets partially melted.
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What evidence is there for the continental drift theory (1914)?
Countries fit together like a jigsaw and the same species fossils have been found on countries separated by water.
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Why does magma rise through the crust?
Because it is less dense.
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Which rocks can be formed from runny/thick lava?
Iron-rich basalt (runny) and silica-rich rhyolite (thick)
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How can the hardness of two rocks be compared?
Rubbing them together - the one that crumbles is weaker.
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What is a sedimentary rock?
Made from soft sediments and compressed and cemented together eg. limestone
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What is a metamorphic rock?
Formed when sedimentary rock is heated and pressurised - composed of interlocking carbonate crystals. eg. marble
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How is an igneous rock formed?
Magma cools and solidifies with interlocking crystals. eg. granite
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What does reinforced concrete do?
Concrete is strong under pressure but no tension, therefore steel rods are added to the concrete to make the concrete more flexible.
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What are the disadvantages of recycling copper?
Difficult; not mix pure and unpure scraps; fewer mining jobs; causes pollution
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Give a brief description of what happens in electrolysis.
Impure copper is at the anode and pure copper is at the cathode. The positive anode looses electrons and the cathode gains them.
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What do smart alloys do?
Return to their original shape once heated.
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Which metals are the only to rust?
Iron and steel
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Why does aluminium not corrode?
It forms a protective layer of aluminum oxide on the surface
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Why can steel and iron be used in car bodies?
They are malleable and strong
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Why is a lighter car body best?
It gives a better fuel economy.
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Give one advantage and disadvantage of recycling.
Advantage: saves finite resources/less crude oil used/fewer toxic materials. Disadvantage: difficult to separate materials/may cause pollution/expensive
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is the mantle?
Back
It is between the core and the crust. Near the surface of Earth it is cold and rigid but deeper down it becomes hot and able to move.
Card 3
Front
Describe what happens at a subduction zone.
Back
Card 4
Front
What evidence is there for the continental drift theory (1914)?
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