An organism that can produce its own food source from simple inorganic raw materials such as carbon dioxide and water.
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Homologous structure
Strictures that are in similar in shape and have the same developmental origin, but a different function.
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Mechanical digestion
The cutting and chewing of teeth, alongside the contractions of the muscular gut walls to aid digestion.
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Chemoautotrophic
Autotrophic organisms that derive their energy from chemical reactions.
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Taxon
Any group within a classification system.
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Natural selection
The gradual process by which a characteristic within a population becomes less popular in response to the environment, determining the breeding success of those individuals with that characteristic.
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Species
A group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring.
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Biodiversity
The number and variety of species within a specified geographical region.
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Analogous structure
Structures of similar shape and function, but a different developmental origin.
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The Binomial system
A system of naming that gives a species a unique, universal name comprised of two components: a genus and a species.
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Phylogenic classification
This is a classification system where organisms that are closely related are placed into the same group. Organisms of the same group have a more recent common ancestor than with those in a different group.
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Hierarchy
A system of ranking where smaller groups are nested in larger groups. These do not overlap.
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Holozoic nutrition
This is the feeding method of most mammals. It involves ingestion, digestion, absorption and egestion, and occurs internally in specialised digestive systems.
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Adaptation
A change that makes an organism better suited to its environment.
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Chemical digestion
The secretion of digestive enzymes, such as bile and stomach acid, to digest food.
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Photoautotrophic
Autotrophic organisms that use light as their energy source and undergo photosynthesis.
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Serosa
Thick connective tissue that protects the gut wall and reduces friction with other abdominal organs.
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Parasitic nutrition
Organisms obtain their nutrients by living off another organism, the host, causing it harm.
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Heterotrophic organisms
These are organisms that cannot produce their own food source. They instead consume large complex molecules produced by autotrophs: they are consumers.
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Ruminant
A cud-chewing herbivore with mutualistic microbes in its rumen.
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Parasite
An organism that lives off and obtains its nutrition from another organism, its host, causing it harm.
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Mutualism
The close association of two species in which both benefit.
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Saprotrophic nutrition
Organisms derive their energy from raw materials for growth through the extracellular digestion of dead or decaying matter.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Strictures that are in similar in shape and have the same developmental origin, but a different function.
Back
Homologous structure
Card 3
Front
The cutting and chewing of teeth, alongside the contractions of the muscular gut walls to aid digestion.
Back
Card 4
Front
Autotrophic organisms that derive their energy from chemical reactions.
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