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6. What is the full name of ATP?
- Adenosine triphosphate
- Adenine triphosphate
- Amino triphosphate
7. Name one reason why not all of the Sun's energy is converted to organic matter by plants?
- Over 90% of the Sun's energy is reflected back into space by clouds and dust
- Plants are inefficient in converting this energy
- Competition for Sun energy makes it difficult to absorb very much
8. How is ethanol produced in plants and some microorganisms during anaerobic respiration?
- Pyruvate loses a CO2 molecule and accepts hydrogen from reduced NAD to produce ethanol
- Pyruvate takes up 2 hydrogen atoms from reduced NAD to form lactate
9. What does an inorganic fertiliser consist of?
- Minerals mined from rocks and deposits and blended to give the appropriate balance for a particular crop
- Dead/decaying remains of plants and animal waste, e.g manure and bone meal
10. Briefly describe what happens during Krebs cycle?
- Glucose molecule is split into 2 3-carbon pyruvate molecules
- Electrons are used to synthesise ATP, producing water as a by-product
- Acetylco-A is introduced into a cycle of oxidation-reduction reactions that yield some ATP and a large number of electrons
- Pyruvate is split into CO2 and a 2-carbon molecule called acetylco-A
11. What is meant by the term 'co-dominance'?
- Both alleles contribute to the phenotype, e.g one red and one white allele in snapdragons results in a pink colour found in the phenotype.
- Both alleles are dominant, and so this characteristic is expressed
12. Complete this sentence: Systematic sampling is more suitable when ______
- There is some form of transition in the communities of plants and animals
- It would take too long to count every individual
- Random sampling would damage the habitat being studied
13. What is meant by 'selection pressure'?
- Only those who are able to escape predators/withstand disease or adverse climate survive to reproduce
- Farmers choose organisms with the most desirable genetics to breed
14. If both alleles are the same (e.g both code for dominant brown eyes), this is known as _______?
- Homozygous dominant
- Homozygous recessive
- Heterozygous
15. Define the term 'population'?
- A group of individuals of the same species that occupy the same habitat at the same time
- All of the organisms of all the species that live in an area at the same time, interacting with each other
- Where an organism lives and what it does there
16. What is produced during aerobic respiration?
- CO2, water and ATP
- Lactate/ethanol, CO2 (in plants) and little ATP
17. These periodic popuation decreases create what is known as __________?
- Selection pressure
- Root pressure
- Negative pressure
18. Which 4 abiotic factors affect population size?
- Predation and prey
- Temperature, light, pH and water/humidity
- Wind, rain, sun and air
19. What are the two types of quadrat?
- Point and frame quadrats
- Line and frame quadrats
- Pinpoint and square quadrats
20. What is meant by 'energy'?
- The ability to do work
- ATP
- Calories