biology molecules, biodiversity,food and health

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What is the lock and key theory?
Active site is specific, substrate complementary to active site.
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What is starch made of?
Coiled amylose and branched amylopectin.
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Which elements are found in lipids and carbohydrates?
Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen
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Name the 3 parts of a phospholipid.
Two fatty acids, glycerol and a phosphate.
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Example of a fibrous protein.
Collagen
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Difference between primary and secondary response?
Primary: Slow immune response waiting for antigen recognition. Secondary: Rapid response due to memory cells.
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What is the polysaccharide that gives a positive result for iodine test.
Starch
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Name the 2 types of nucleic acids.
DNA and RNA
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What bond is formed when a disaccharide is formed?
Glycosidic
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What does Induced fit mean?
Substrate causes active site to change, produces better fit.
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What is activation energy?
Energy need for a reaction to occur (breaking bonds)
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Define CITES
Convention in International Trade in Endangered Species
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Why are words either underlined or in italic?
When the word is latin
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Name the monomer of nucleic acids.
Nucleotide
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What is the function of DNA Helicase?
To unzip the double helix (break Hydrogen bonds)
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What is a balanced diet?
A diet containing all the essential nutrients in the correct proportions. (Containing carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water and fibre).
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Give an example of a globular protein
Haemoglobin
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List functions of lipids
Insulation, energy store, hormones, organ protection, plasma membrane
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How does temperature decrease enzyme activity?
Too much kinetic energy, bonds inside molecules vibrate, bonds are broken, 3D specific shape is lost.
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What are the 5 kingdoms?
Prokarote, Protoctist, Fungi, Animal, Plant.
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What is the function of DNA polymerase?
Seals the sugar phosphate backbone.
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Give examples of the support function of water
Amniotic fluid, hydrostatic skeleton, buoyancy of blubber and turgor pressure in plants.
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Give 4 characteristics of enzymes
Proteins, Lower activation energy, Catalyst, Specific
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What are co-enzymes?
Organic molecules associated with an enzyme.
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What is the Earth Summit?
Meeting of world leaders that took place in 1992 to discuss sustainable use of world resources
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Give evidence for Evolution
Fossils, DNA profiling, Molecular evidence.
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B cells are responsible for what type of response?
Humoral
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Give features of the Kingdom Plantae
Photosynthetic, cellulose cell wall, photoautotrophic.
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How do DNA bases pair?
Adenine - Thymine, Cytosine - Guanine. (Complementary base pairing).
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What are plasma cells and memory cells?
Plasma cells: produce antibodies. Memory cells: immunological memory.
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What is the theory of DNA replication?
Semi-conservative Replication
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List factors that affect enzyme controlled reactions.
Temperature, enzyme concentration, substrate concentration, pH and inhibitors.
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List properties of water important for living organisms.
Surface tension, polar, high specific heat capacity, cohesion, latent heat of evaporation.
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Function of T-cells.
Killer: detect pathogen inside body cells, digest whole cell, Helper: release cytokines to co-ordinate responses.
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List 3 marks for semiconservative replication
1. 1 DNA molecule replicates. 2. Into 2 that are identical. 3. Containing 1 old and 1 new strand of each DNA.
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What is Hydrolysis Reaction?
When two molecules are formed from a larger one and water is used.
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Whats the trend for glucose concentration and colorimetery?
As the concentration of glucose increases the % transmission of light increases.
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What is Vmax?
Enzyme functioning as fast as possible, substrate becomes the limiting factor.
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Function of a colorimeter
Transmission or absorption of light.
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Define condensation reaction.
When two molecules are bonded together and water is released.
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How does temperature increase enzyme activity?
More kinetic energy, molecules move faster, more successful collisions, achieve activation energy quicker
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What is a purine base?
A and G, double ringed, always pair with a pyrimidine.
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What vitamin is deficient if you have night blindness?
Vitamin A
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Define Habitat
Where members of one species live.
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Define Health
Complete mental, physical and social well being.
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If a nucleus contains 30% guanine, what are the % of the other bases?
30% Cytosine, 20% Adenine, 20% Thymine
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Give differences between the structure of DNA and RNA.
RNA: single stranded, uracil base, ribose sugar. DNA: double stranded, thymine base, deoxyribose sugar.
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4 points of Darwin's Theory
1. Variation within species. 2. Variation is inherited. 3. Organisms overproduce. 4. Population remains stable.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is starch made of?

Back

Coiled amylose and branched amylopectin.

Card 3

Front

Which elements are found in lipids and carbohydrates?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Name the 3 parts of a phospholipid.

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Example of a fibrous protein.

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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