biology
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- Created by: eden1
- Created on: 13-05-15 14:54
Health
Free from infection
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Fitness
Ability to do physical activity
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How to measure fitness
Speed, Flexibility, Agility, Cardiovascular, strength.
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Systolic
Contracting
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Diastolic
Relaxed
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What effects blood pressure
Diet, Exercise, Stress, Weight, Smoking, Age
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Consequences of high BP
Hypertension
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Consequences of low BP
hypotension
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Effects of hypertension
Damage to the brain, Burst blood vessels, Kidney damage, strokes
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Effects of hypotension
Poor circulation, fainting, dizziness
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What is a micro organism
A small organism that causes infectious diseases
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Examples of micro organisms
Virus, Bacteria, Protozoa, Fungi
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What are the fats stored under the skin called
Andipose
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How to calculate BMI
Mass(in kg) ÷ height (in m^2)
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What is EAR
Estimated average requirement
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How to calculate the amount of protein you should eat
EAR (in g) = 0.6 ᵡ body mass (in kg)
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What is a malignant tumour
A tumour that can move
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What is a benign tumour
A tumour that cant move
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vector
An organism that transmits a pathogen
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parasite
An organism that lives on/in an organism of another species, known as the host from the body of which it obtains nutrients
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Short sighted
Have problems seeing far away and they need a convex lens
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Long sighted
Have problems seeing things close up and need a concave lens
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Sensory neurone
Carries signals to the spinal cord
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Motor neurone
Takes an impulse from the spinal cord to the effector
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Stimulus
Detects a change in the environment
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Response
The result
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Receptor
Senses change through pain
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Relay neurone
A nerve found in the spinal cord
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effector
The organism that causes the response
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what is the first step which happens with the neurotransmitters?
An electrical impulse travels along an axon and to the end of a neuron
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what is the second step which happens with the neurotransmitters?
This triggers the ends of the first neuron to release chemical messengers called neurotransmitters
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what is the third step which happens with the neurotransmitters?
These chemicals travel across the synapse (gap) and bind to the receptors on the 2nd neuron
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what is the fourth step which happens with the neurotransmitters?
Receptors on the 2nd neuron only bind to specific chemicals released from the first neuron
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what is the fifth step which happens with the neurotransmitters?
The 2nd neuron is stimulated and transmits an electrical impulse down its axon.
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Homeostasis
Maintaining the internal environment despite external changes
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Negative feedback
The reversing of a change in the internal environment
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Vasodilation
Blood goes to the surface to cool down
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Vasoconstriction
Blood goes away from the surface to warm up
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Positive feedback
Increases original change (not common as can be harmful)
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Glucose
A sugar used in respiration
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Glycogen
A storage substance made of glucose stored in the liver
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Insulin
A hormone tells your body to change glucose into glycogen. Its made by the pancreas
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Glucagon
A hormone that tells your liver to change glucagon into glucose made by the pancreas
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Type 1 diabetes
Cannot produce enough insulin
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Type 2 diabetes
insulin doesn’t work as well
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Phototropism
Stimulus is where the light is and will grow towards the light
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Geotropism
Stimulus is gravity and grows towards the centre of the earth
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Auxins
Type of hormone that causes growth
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How many pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus of every body cell
23
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Gene
Codes for protien
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Genotype
Combination of alleles
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Phenotype
The result of the genotype
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Dominant
1 allele for it to be expressed
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Recessive
2 alleles for it to be expressed
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Homozygous
Where the alleles are the same
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Heterozygous
Where the alleles are different
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Fitness
Back
Ability to do physical activity
Card 3
Front
How to measure fitness
Back
Card 4
Front
Systolic
Back
Card 5
Front
Diastolic
Back
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