Keeping the internal conditions within a narrow range.
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What internal conditions need to be controlled?
Temperature, blood glucose, water and ion content.
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WHat waste products need to be removed from the body?
Carbon dioxide produced by respiration removed via the lungs when we breathe out. Urea produced by the liver from the breakdown of amino acids, removed by the kidneys in the urine stored in the bladder.
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How does a healthy kidney produce urine?
First they filter the blood, they reabsorb sugar, dissolved ions and water needed by the body and releases urea, excess ions and water into the urine.
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How does a dialysis machine work?
Dialysis fluid contains the same concentration of useful substances that the patients does so they don't need to be reabsorbed, urea diffuses out from the blood into the dialysis fluid. Dialysis restores the concentration of blood back to normal.
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Why must donor kidneys be a very good tissue match?
To prevent rejection otherwise antibodies may attack the antigens on the donor organ.
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What are immunosuppressant drugs?
Drugs to be taken after a transplant to suppress the immune system and prevent rejection.
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What does the thermoregulatory centre do?
The centre has receptors which detect the temperature of the blood, these receptors send impulses to the brain to give information about the temperature so it can be controlled.
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What changes take place in the body if your core temperature rises?
Blood vessels near the surface of the skin dilate allowing more blood to flow and heat to radiate cooling you down. Sweat glands produce more sweat which evaporates off the skin taking heat energy with it.
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What changes take place in the body if your core temperature falls?
Blood vessels near the surface constrict and less blood flows through capillaries so less heat is radiated. Muscles contract quickly which requires respiration which releases energy to heat the blood.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What internal conditions need to be controlled?
Back
Temperature, blood glucose, water and ion content.
Card 3
Front
WHat waste products need to be removed from the body?
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