Biology-Year 9-Part 1

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  • Created on: 27-01-19 20:43
What is a pathogen?
A pathogen is a microorganism that causes a communicable (infectious) disease.
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Name 4 types of pathogens.
Bacterium (bacteria), virus (viruses), fungus (fungi) and protist (protists)..
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What is a communicable (infectious) disease?
A communicable (infectious) disease is one that can spread from one organism to another.
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List 4 ways in which communiable diseases spread.
By direct contact, by air (also known as droplet infection), by contaminated water and by vectors (such as insects).
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What are vectors?
A vector is an organism, typcally an insect, that carries pathogens from one organism to anotherand spreads infections.
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List 4 ways to stop the spread of pathogens.
Simpe hygiene measure (for example: washiong your hands, coughing and sneezing into a tissue and then binning it), isolate the infected person, destroy vectors (for example: using insectisides) and vaccinations.
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What pathogen causes measles?
Virus
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How does measles spread?
By the inhalation of droplets from coughs and sneezes and it's very infectious.
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What are the symptoms of measles?
The main symptoms of measles are a fever and red skin rash however, it may cause blindness and brain damage and may be fatal if complications arise.
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Is there a treatment or cure for measles?
No
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Is there a vaccination for measles?
There is a vaccination program for young children in the UK. However, the challange now is to vaccinate children globally.
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How can you stop measles from spreading to others?
Isolated, vaccinate or by washing you hands.
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What pathogen causes HIV/AIDS?
Virus (It's a STD sexually transmitted disease).
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How does HIV/AIDS spread?
Direct sexual contact, exchange of body fluids such as blood such as blood which occurs when drug users share needles or when unscreened blood is used for transfussion, mother to child through breast milk.
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What are the symptoms of HIV/AIDS?
It begins with a mild flu like illness. After time HIV may develope into AIDS. AIDS is more dangerous and may lead to death.
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How does HIV developes into AIDS?
HIV attacks the immune cells and after the initial mild illness it remains hidden inside the immune, sometimes for years, until the immune system is badly damaged that it can no longer deal with infections or certain cancers. AIDS has developed.
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Is there a treatment or cure for HIV/AIDS?
No
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Is there a vaccination for HIV/AIDS?
No
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How can you stop HIV/AIDS from spreading to others?
Using condoms, not sharing needles, screening blood, HIV positive mothers bottle feeding their child.
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What pathogen causes salmonella?
Bacteria
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How does salmonella spread?
Eating undercooked food, eating food prepared in unhygienic conditions.
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What are the symptoms of salmonella?
Fever, abdominal cramps, vomiting and diarrhea. In very young children and elderly may become fatal.
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Is there a treatment or cure for salmonella?
Yes it can be treated by antibiotics.
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Is there a vaccination for salmonella?
Yes.
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How do you stop salmonella from spreading to others?
Keep raw chicken away from food that is eaten uncooked, avoid washing raw chicken, wash hands and surface after handling raw chicken, cook chicken throughly.
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What pathogen causes gonorrhoea?
Bacteria (STD sexually transmitted disease).
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How does gonorrhoea spread?
Unprotected sexual contact with an infected person.
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What are the symptoms of gonorrhoea?
Thick yellow/green discharge from vagina or penis and pain during urination.
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Is there a treatmen or cure for gonorrhoea?
Can be treated with antibiotics to stop this disease from spreading.
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Is there a vaccination or cure for gonorrhoea?
No.
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How can you stop gonorrhoea from spreading to others?
Reducing number of sexual partners, using a barrier method of contraception such as a condom.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Name 4 types of pathogens.

Back

Bacterium (bacteria), virus (viruses), fungus (fungi) and protist (protists)..

Card 3

Front

What is a communicable (infectious) disease?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

List 4 ways in which communiable diseases spread.

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are vectors?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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