6. What are the correct properties of cancer cells?
They grow and divide without stimulation from a growth factor and never stop. They spread to other parts of the body. They remain undetected by the immune system. DNA damage halts cell division. They can replicate an unlimited number of times.
They grow and divide without stimulation from a growth factor and never stop. They spread to other parts of the body. They remain undetected by the immune system. DNA damage does not halt cell division. They can replicate an unlimited number of times.
They grow and divide without stimulation from a growth factor and never stop. They spread to other parts of the body. They remain undetected by the immune system. DNA damage does not halt cell division. They can't replicate an unlimited number of times.
They grow and divide with stimulation from a growth factor and never stop. They spread to other parts of the body. They remain undetected by the immune system. DNA damage does not halt cell division. They can replicate an unlimited number of times.
7. In what way does the ras oncogene contribute to cancers?
It stops the gene cycle and allows for damage to be repaired
Codes a protein that does not require activation by it's receptor so it's signalling pathway is permanently switched on and leads to uncontrolled cell proliferation.
It stops the cell cycle and allows for damage to be repaired
Codes a protein that requires activation by it's receptor so it's signalling pathway is permanently switched on and leads to uncontrolled cell proliferation.
8. In what way does the p53 gene contribute to cancers?
Codes a protein that requires activation by it's receptor so it's signalling pathway is permanently switched on and leads to uncontrolled cell proliferation.
It stops the cell cycle and allows for damage to be repaired
Codes a protein that does not require activation by it's receptor so it's signalling pathway is permanently switched on and leads to uncontrolled cell proliferation.
It stops the gene cycle and allows for damage to be repaired
9. What is Cancer?
A cellular mutation that causes the uncontrolled growth and division of cells.
A cellular mutation that causes the controlled growth and division of cells.
A genetic mutation that causes the uncontrolled growth and division of cells.
A genetic mutation that causes the controlled growth and division of cells.
10. At the time of implantation, the human embryo is called a
Blastocyst
Blastocoel
Morula
Zygote
11. What are the correct names and definitions of tissue types?
Epithelial Tissue - Tightly packed cells that form the covering of all internal and external surfaces. Connective Tissue - Loosely packed cells that support and give structure to other organs and tissues in the body while delivering nutrients. Muscle Tiss
Connective Tissue - Tightly packed cells that form the covering of all internal and external surfaces. Epithelial Tissue - Loosely packed cells that support and give structure to other organs and tissues in the body while delivering nutrients. Muscle Tissue - Specialised tissue that allows for movement. Nerve Tissue - Allows for the transmission of nerve impulses.
Epithelial Tissue - Tightly packed cells that form the covering of all internal and external surfaces. Connective Tissue - Loosely packed cells that support and give structure to other organs and tissues in the body while delivering nutrients. Muscle Tissue - Specialised tissue that allows for contraction. Nerve Tissue - Allows for the transmission of nerve impulses.
Epithelial Tissue - Tightly packed cells that form the covering of all internal and external surfaces. Connective Tissue - Loosely packed cells that support and give structure to other organs and tissues in the body while delivering nutrients. Muscle Tissue - Specialised tissue that allows for movement. Nerve Tissue - Allows for the translocation of nerve impulses.
12. Which of the following best defines an oncogene
An oncogene codes for a mutated form of a protein that forms part of a signal transduction
pathway.
An oncogene is a dominantly expressed mutated gene that gives a cell a growth or survival
advantage
An oncogene codes for a protein that prevents the cell from undergoing apoptosis.
An oncogene codes for a cell cycle control protein.
13. What are the correct information about these cancer causing agents?
Tumour Supressing Genes(like p53) act as the breaks and require both genes to mutate to go wrong. Oncogenes(like Ras) act as the accelerator and only require one mutation to go wrong.
Tumour Supressing Genes(like Ras) act as the accelerator and only require one mutation to go wrong. Oncogenes(like p53) act as the breaks and require both genes to mutate to go wrong.
Tumour Supressing Genes(like Ras) act as the breaks and require both genes to mutate to go wrong. Oncogenes(like P53) act as the accelerator and only require one mutation to go wrong.
Tumour Supressing Genes(like p53) act as the accelerator and only require one mutation to go wrong. Oncogenes(like Ras) act as the breaks and require both genes to mutate to go wrong.
14. What mutations can't give rise to oncognes?
Nonsense and silent mutations because you need increased activity to affect cell division.
Nonsense and missense mutations because you need increased activity to affect cell division.
Missense and silent mutations because you need increased activity to affect cell division.
15. Where are embryonic stem cells found?
The inner gene mast of the blastocyst
The outer cell mast of the blastocyst
The inner cell mast of the blastocyst
The inner cell mast of the blastocoel
16. What are the correct characteristics of stem cells?
They have the ability to continuously divide for long periods of time. They are unspecialised. They can't give rise to specialised cell types.
They have the ability to continuously divide for long periods of time. They are specialised. They can give rise to specialised cell types.
They have the ability to continuously divide for long periods of time. They are unspecialised. They can give rise to specialised cell types.
They have the ability to continuously divide for long periods of time. They are unspecialised. They can give rise to specialised genes.
17. What are the correct definition of stem cells?
Pluripotent Stem Cells(Embryonic) - Can form a limited set of cells. Multipotent Stem cells(Adult) - Can form any other cell type. Induced Pluripotent Cells - Adult somatic cells that have been dedifferentiated into stem cells.
Pluripotent Stem Cells(Embryonic) - Can form any other cell type. Multipotent Stem cells(Adult) - Can form a limited set of cells. Induced Pluripotent Cells - Adult somatic cells that have been dedifferentiated into stem cells.
Pluripotent Stem Cells(Adult) - Can form a limited set of cells. Multipotent Stem cells(Embryonic) - Can form any other cell type. Induced Pluripotent Cells - Adult somatic cells that have been dedifferentiated into stem cells.
Pluripotent Stem Cells(Adult) - Can form any other cell type. Multipotent Stem cells(Embryonic) - Can form a limited set of cells. Induced Pluripotent Cells - Adult somatic cells that have been dedifferentiated into stem cells.
