Enzymes are proteins which act as biological catalysts - they speed-up reactions.
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How are the long chains of amino acids which make up proteins arranged and why?
The long chains of amino acids are folded to produce specific shapes. The shape of a protein depends on its function.
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Proteins have many different functions, what can these be?
Proteins can be: structural components of tissues, such as muscle; hormones; antibodies; catalyst.
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What are chemical reactions in cells controlled by?
Proteins called enzymes.
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Enzymes are large proteins, why is the shape of the enzyme vital?
It is vital for its function, the shape has an area where other molecules can fit - known as the active site.
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What can be held in the active site and either be connected to another molecule or be broken down?
The substrate.
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What can enzymes do?
Build large molecules from many smaller ones, e.g. building starch from glucose molecules; change one molecule into another, e.g. convert one type of sugar to another; break down large molecules into smaller ones, e.g. digestive enzymes.
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What are proteins made of?
Long chains of amino acids.
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**ENZYMES ARE VERY IMPORTANT PROTEINS BUT DONT FORGET THAT PROTEINS HAVE OTHER FUNCTIONS TOO**
**LOOK UP PICTURES OF ENZYMES AND OTHER PROTEINS**
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What are enzymes?
Back
Enzymes are proteins which act as biological catalysts - they speed-up reactions.
Card 3
Front
How are the long chains of amino acids which make up proteins arranged and why?
Back
Card 4
Front
Proteins have many different functions, what can these be?
Back
Card 5
Front
What are chemical reactions in cells controlled by?
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