Biology

What is a producer

living organism that makes food using light or chemical energy

1 of 31

What is a consumer

living organism that gets energy by consuming food

2 of 31

What is a herbivore

feeds entirely on plants

3 of 31

What is a carnivore

feeds entirely on animals

4 of 31

What is an omnivore

feeds entirely on plants and animals

5 of 31

What is a decomposer

for example bacteria and fungi break down dead bodies of plants and animals

6 of 31

What is trophic level

organsims that occupy the same position in a food chain

7 of 31

Food... and food...

chains. webs

8 of 31

Pyramid of number shows...

the number of organisms per unit area or volume at each feeding level

9 of 31

Pyramid of biomass...

shows the dry mass of organic material per unit area or volume at each feeding level

10 of 31

Pyramid of... is more accurate

biomass

11 of 31

Microorgans...

get rid of animal wastes and dead bodies of plants and animals, returning vital nutrients to the soil, which are then used for growth

12 of 31

The cycling of nutrients ensures...

a balance in ecosystems

13 of 31

How is carbon recycled

carbon dioxide is made into food by green plants in photosynthesis. Animals get their carbon by eating plants. The carbon in dead animals and plants is released back into the atmospherer by the process of decay. The bacteria releases carbon dioxide

14 of 31

Carbon cycle

.

15 of 31

Fossil fuels

made from dead bodies of plants and animals millions of years ago. Not completely decomposed, so a lot of carbon in them was 'locked' into the fossil fuels. When fossil fuels burn, they release the carbon as carbon dioxide

16 of 31

How is nitrogen recycled

.

17 of 31

Nitrogen in the air is changed by nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil into nitrates, which plants can absorb and use. The nitrates absorbed by the plants are passed on to animals that eat the plants, and the nitrogen is eventually returned to the

soil in urine and faeces from animals and when dead animals and plants decay. The nitrogen from wastes and decay is in the form of ammonia, which cannot be used directly by plants. Bacteria in the soil convert the ammonia into nitrates. Nitrogen is r

18 of 31

How nitrogen levels can drop

1. The density o plants can be very high, so that a lot of nitrogen is removed from the soil. 2. The plants that grow in fields are harvested and removed. As they do not die in the fields, the nitrogen in them never gets returned to the soil

19 of 31

What is necessarywhen the interests of wild life and humans conflict

compromise

20 of 31

What are the advantages of intenive farming

The yield is high because more livestock animals or crop plants can be kept and conditions can be controlled. Food is cheaper to produce so more profitable for farmer. 2. Their food is cheaper in the shops. 3. By increasing the yield, it allows UK to

21 of 31

What are the disadvantages of intenive farming

1. The chemicals used could enter the human food. 2. Chemicals can cause pollution and harm wildlife. 3. Natural habitats are destroyed 4. Animal cruelty

22 of 31

Why do we worry about chemicals 'entering the food chain?'

Because higher up you are in the food chain, the more pollutants ot chemicals you're going to eat which could kill you.

23 of 31

What pollutants are in our environment?

solid or liquid chmeicals like oil and fertilisers. Gaseous chemicals like carbon dioxide, methane. Human and animal sewage. Noise. Heat. Non-recyclabe household waste

24 of 31

What are the chemicals that are our main worries in terms of food chains

heavy metals and pesticides which are poisonous and harmul. Poisonous chemicals

25 of 31

What is the process of eutrophication

.

26 of 31

Step 1

The sewage or fertiliser causes an increases in the growth of microscopic

27 of 31

Step 2

These plants have short lives so, soon afterwards, the number of dead plants in the water increases.

28 of 31

Step 3

Bacteria rot the bodies of the plants and because there are so many dead plants the population of bacteria goes up sharply.

29 of 31

Step 4

These bacteria use oxygen for repiration, so the oxygen level of the water decreases

30 of 31

Step 5

Animals such as fish, which need a lot of oxygen, die because there is now not enough oxygen in the water

31 of 31

Get Revising

Biology

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Back

Card 3

Front

Back

Card 4

Front

Back

Card 5

Front

Back

Comments

Similar Biology resources:

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Back

Card 3

Front

Back

Card 4

Front

Back

Card 5

Front

Back

Comments

Related discussions on The Student Room

Similar Biology resources: