Biology

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BMR
The rate at which chemical reactions occur in the cytoplasm at rest
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factors that affect your BMR
Age, weight, gender
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BMI
Mass(KG)/(height)^2(M)
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What is Cholesterol?
A type of fat made by the liver that is found in every cell.
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What does cholesterol do?
Cholesterol builds up fatty deposits in the wall of the arteries making them smaller.
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Pathogen
A bad virus or bacteria that causes disease
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Bacteria
Release toxins into your body
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Virus
Enter your cells and reproduce
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What are antibiotics used for?
Antibiotics are used to kill viruses.
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Why dont antibiotics work on viruses?
Viruses enter our cells and the antibiotics can't get to them
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What is a super bug?
A bacteria that is resistant to antibiotics.
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What is a synapse?
The gap between two neurones.
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How does the message pass across the synapse?
A chemical is made, which diffuses across the gap.
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Hormone
A chemical message that travels in the blood and controls an aspect of the body.
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What does FSH do?
Prepares the egg
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When is FSH made?
Between days 1-5
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What does Oestrogen do?
Causes the womb to thicken with blood and stops FSH being made
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When is Oestrogen made?
Between days 5-13
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What does LH do?
Causes the egg to be released
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When is LH made?
Day 15
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Two examples of infertility problems in men
Low sperm count and poor quality of sperm
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Two examples of infertility problems in women
Blocked fallopian tubes and ovaries not producing eggs
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What is auxin?
A plant hormone that promotes stem growth
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Two examples of plant adaptions in cold environments
Round in shape to increase insulation and grow close to the ground
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Two examples of plant adaptions in hot environments
Spines so water is transpired and wide spread roots to collect water from a large surface area
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Two examples of animal adaptions in hot environments
Large ears to allow heat to be released and long, spindly legs to increase surface area
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Two examples of animal adaptions in cold environments
Thick fur traps air insulating the animal and black skin absorbs heat
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Interspecies
Other species
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Intraspecies
Same species
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What 4 things do animals compete for?
Food, water, mates and territory
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What 5 things do plants compete for?
Light, water, nutrients, CO2 and space
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What is pollution?
Chemicals in teh land, water or air, which shouldn't be there and can cause harm
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How can you slow down decomposition?
By freezing, cooking or limiting the oxygen.
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What causes decaying?
Bacteria decomposing an organism
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Waht does decomposition involve?
Breaking down biomass to form nutrients
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How many chromosomes does each cell have?
Each cell has 46 chromosomes
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How many chromosomes come from one parent?
23 chromosomes
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How do plants get co2 from the atmosphere?
Through photosynthesis
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How does the co2 pass from the plant to the animal?
Its consumed
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How does co2 return to the atmosphere from the animal and the bacteria?
Through respiration
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Name 2 examples of genetic characteristics
Eye colour and blood type
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Name 2 examples of environmental characteristics
Religion and language
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Name 2 examples of characteristics that are both environmental and genetic
Skin colour and height
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How many parents are involved in asexual reproduction?
Only one parent is involved
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What is an advantage of cuttings?
Its cheap
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What is a disadvantage of cuttings?
You can only take two or three cuttings
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What is an advantage of tissue culture?
Plants can be mass produced
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What is a disadvantage of tissue culture?
It can't be done at home
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How is the gene cut out of the DNA in Genetic Modification?
Using an enzyme
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How is the plasmid split open in Genetic Modification?
Using an enzyme
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How is the gene inserted into the plasmid in Genetic Modification?
Using an enzyme
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What happens to the bacterium when the plasmid is reinserted in Genetic Modification?
It multiplies
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

factors that affect your BMR

Back

Age, weight, gender

Card 3

Front

BMI

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is Cholesterol?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What does cholesterol do?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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