Most cells in your body have a nucleus, what does it contain?
genetic material; the nucleus is arranged into chromosomes (23 pairs/46 single chromosomes)
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What is a chromosome and a gene?
One very long molecule of DNA that's coiled up. A gene is a short length of a chromosome,=.
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What is an allele?
Different versions of the same gene
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Each gene is a code for making a certain protein. What are proteins and what does having different versions mean?
Proteins are the building blocks of cells. Having different versions of proteins means we end up with different characteristics.
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What are structural proteins?
They're part of things like skin, hair, blood and the cytoplasm in our cells, e.g collagen is a structural protein that is found in tendons, bones, cartilage.
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What are functional proteins?
For example enzymes are proteins that help with digestion by breaking down food molecules- amylase is a digestive enzyme that breaks down starch to maltose.
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What is the difference between a genotype and phenotype?
An organisms genotype is all the genes it has. A phenotype is all the characteristics an organism displays.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is a chromosome and a gene?
Back
One very long molecule of DNA that's coiled up. A gene is a short length of a chromosome,=.
Card 3
Front
What is an allele?
Back
Card 4
Front
Each gene is a code for making a certain protein. What are proteins and what does having different versions mean?
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