what must the glandular tissue be in direct contact with
the glandular tissue has to be in direct contact with the capillaries in order to deliver the hormones to the rest of the body.
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what is a catalyst?
a substance that speeds up a reaction and offers another pathway for it to react.
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what is an enzyme?
An enzyme is a protein molecule in cells. it also speeds up a chemical reaction without getting used up in the process and so can be used over and over again.
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what do enzymes do
- build larger molecules
- change one molecule into another
- break down larger molecules to make smaller ones
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what are enzymes made of?
protein
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what do enzymes do to let other molecules substrate (fit) into it
it folds to produce a specific shape
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what does the enzyme do after joining with the substrate
it begins to break or build bonds and the product is formed
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what is the active site?
the space where substrates join and the reaction occurs
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why does high temperature affect enzymes
the amino acid chains begin to unravel
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what happens when the amino acid chains unravel?
the shape of the active site shrinks and so the enzyme has denatured
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what does denatured mean
loss of the 3-D structure of a protein of an enzyme
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how does the change in pH affect an enzyme reaction
it affects the forces between the parts of the protein molecule (which hold the shape in place) and so causes the shape to change.
It might also cause the reaction from stopping completely.
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why is the shape on the enzyme important
because without it, the specific shape of the active site is lost so the enzyme can no longer act as a catalyst.
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what do digestive enzymes do?
they break down food into smaller soluble molecules that can then be absorbed into the bloodstream.
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what does the word soluble mean
it can dissolve in a liquid
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what do carbohydrase do?
they break down carbohydrates which then breaks down into simple sugars
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