Thick walls made of elastic fibre (high pressure), lumen is small, no valves
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What are the characteristics of veins?
Thinner walls made of muscle fibres, lumen is much bigger, valves are to prevent backflow
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Double circulatory system allows..
Blood to be pumped at higher pressures, greater flow to body tissues
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What are the characteristics of capillaries?
Narrow vessels with walls one cell thick, allow exchange of substance
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What does diploid cell mean?
Contains two sets of chromosomes
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What happens in mitosis?
Diploid cell divides to produce two more diploid cells
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Benefits of mitosis?
Growth, repair old tissues, replace old cells
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Base pairs?
A-T G-C
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What do the bases in a gene represent?
Represent the order in which the cell should assemble amino acids to make protein
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How a cell copies...
1) double helix unzips 2) new bases pair up with exposed bases on each strand 3) enzymes bond with new bases to form complementary strand 4) two identical pieces of dna
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Function of white blood cells?
Protect body against disease, engulfs micro-organisms
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Function of red blood cells?
Transport oxygen from lungs to tissues
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Function of arteries?
Transport blood away from the heart
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Function of veins?
Transport blood towards heart
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Function of capillaries?
Exchanging material with tissues
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How does carbon dioxide diffuse into plants?
Through stomata (adaptation in order to help increase rate of diffusion)
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What are platelets?
Tiny pieces of cell, they clump together to form blood clots
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Function of plasma?
Transports carbon dioxide from the cells to the lungs, glucose from small intestine to cells, antibodies to right disease
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What is diffusion?
The movement of a substance from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration
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What factors increase diffusion?
Surface area is greater, steeper gradient, particles having shorter distance to travel
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What are enzymes?
Biological catalysts
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What is denaturing?
When bonds are broken and shape of active site is changed irreversibly
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What are the characteristics of veins?
Back
Thinner walls made of muscle fibres, lumen is much bigger, valves are to prevent backflow
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