B2 definitions 3.0 / 5 based on 1 rating ? BiologyGCSEAQA Created by: grace ramsayCreated on: 11-05-13 12:07 cell membrane controls the passage of substances in and out of the cell 1 of 41 ribosomes the site of protein synthesis 2 of 41 mitochondria site of respiration 3 of 41 protein synthesis the process by which proteins are made, in plants sugars and nitrate and mineral ions are combined to make amino acids 4 of 41 cytoplasm gel in which most of the chemical reactions take place 5 of 41 nucleus controls activities in the cell, contains genetic information 6 of 41 cellulose cell wall gives cell support 7 of 41 chloroplasts contain chlorophyll 8 of 41 chlorophyll absorbs light energy 9 of 41 permanent vacuole space filled with sap, keeps cell rigid 10 of 41 flagella allows bacteria to move 11 of 41 plasmids small circular bits of DNA found in bacteria 12 of 41 diffusion net movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration 13 of 41 tissue group of cells with similar structure and function 14 of 41 organs group of different types of tissue working together to perform a particular function 15 of 41 xylem transports water around the plant (non-living) 16 of 41 phloem transports dissolved sugars around the plant (living) 17 of 41 limiting factor a factor which limits the rate of reaction 18 of 41 quadrat apparatus for random sampling 19 of 41 transect sampling along a line 20 of 41 starch insoluble storage of sugars in plants 21 of 41 enzymes biological catalysts 22 of 41 active site the site on an enzyme where the reactants bind 23 of 41 substrate the substance that is broken down by the enzyme 24 of 41 carbohydrase the enzyme which breaks down carbohydrates into simple sugars, e.g. amylase: produced in the salivary glands, pancreas and small intestine 25 of 41 protease the enzyme which breaks down protein into amino acids: produced in the stomach, pancreas and small intestine 26 of 41 lipase the enzyme which breaks down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol: produced in the pancreas and small intestine 27 of 41 bile emulsifies fats and neutralises acids: produced in the liver, stored in the gall bladder 28 of 41 oxygen debt the amount of oxygen needed to break down lactic acid after anaerobic respiration 29 of 41 mitosis asexual cell division where two identical daughter cells are made with two pairs of chromosomes 30 of 41 meiosis cell division where gametes are made with one pair of chromosomes 31 of 41 differentiation when cells are specialised 32 of 41 Mendel first person to suggest presence of genes 33 of 41 homozygous two identical alleles e.g.DD 34 of 41 heterozygous two different alleles e.g. Dd 35 of 41 genotype describes the genetic make up e.g. Dd, dd 36 of 41 phenotype the physical appearance affected by the genotype 37 of 41 polydactyly a condition caused by a dominant allele, can be inherited from one parent 38 of 41 cystic fibrosis a condition caused by a recessive allele, has to be inherited from both parents 39 of 41 speciation the formation of new species 40 of 41 endemic when a species can only be found in one place 41 of 41
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