2 physical defences of the human body against pathogens?
Antibodies and Phagocytes
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Why are physical defences called 'non specific defences'?
because they are always present. They are not made in response to a specific pathogen.
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Why does catching a cold not make you immune to catching another cold in the future?
A cold is caused by different pathogens and are communicable and the pathogens turn into memory cells which protect you from getting the cold again.
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How can the spread of communicable diseases be reduced or prevented in plants?
by regulating the movement of plant material, sourcing healthy plants and seeds and destroying infected plants.
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How does a vaccination make you immune to the pathogen?
1. The dead pathogens enter the body. 2. White blood cells make antidoes against the pathogens antigen. 3. The pathogens are destroyed. 4. Memory cells stay in the blood so they react quickly in case of re-infection.
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How can vaccination stop you from catching a disease?
dead or inactive pathogens are injected into your blood which produces memory cells which then produce antibodies, which kill the pathogens.
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What do you use to count cells?
You use a microscope slide that has a grid pattern on it to count cells.
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How can scientists work out the number of cells in its original sample?
they take diagnostic tests that can be carried out as a sample which provides data that can identify pathogens.
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Define monoclonal antibodies?
Antibodies against a specific antigen, made in a laboratory from clones of a single white blood cell.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Why are physical defences called 'non specific defences'?
Back
because they are always present. They are not made in response to a specific pathogen.
Card 3
Front
Why does catching a cold not make you immune to catching another cold in the future?
Back
Card 4
Front
How can the spread of communicable diseases be reduced or prevented in plants?
Back
Card 5
Front
How does a vaccination make you immune to the pathogen?
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