They are classified starting with their kingdom and finishing with their species
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Order of the groups...
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus and Species
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What happens to the organisms as you move down towards species?
There are fewer organisms within each group and they share more similarities
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How are organisms classified in an artificial system?
Based on one or two characteristics that make identification easier (e.g. birds near the sea = seabirds
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How are organisms classified in a natural system?
Based on evolutionary relationships (a lot more detailed) Closely related animals are more likely to be in the same group
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How has sequencing the bases in DNA helped scientists with classification?
1) They can know more about how closely related organisms are 2) Organisms can be reclassified
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A species is...
A group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring
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How does the binomial system (the naming of organisms) work?
Two parts to the name - first is the genus (starts with a CAPITAL letter) and second is the species (starts with a lowercase letter)
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It is difficult to place organisms into distinct groups because...
1) Living things are at different stages of evolution 2) New organisms are being discovered all the time
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Example of a difficult to classify organism is...
Archaeopteryx
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Why is Archaeopteryx difficult to place into a group?
1) It had feathers (like a bird) 2) It had teeth and a long, bony tail (like a reptile)
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What is the problem with organisms like bacteria?
They reproduce asexually (by making a copy of itself) so they cannot be classified into different species as there is no interbreeding with another organism
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What is the problem with hybrids?
Hybrids like mules (donkey+horse) are usually infertile so they cannot be classed as a species making it harder to classify them
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What are organisms grouped together usually?
1) Closely related 2) Share a common recent ancestor (may have different features due to living in different habitats)
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Similarities and differences between species depend on both evolution and environment, e.g. dolphins and fish...
They live in the same habitat (ecologically related) but dolphins are mammals so they would be classified differently
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Dolphins and bats...
They have evolved to live in different habitats but they are both mammals and are related through evolution
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus and Species
Back
Order of the groups...
Card 3
Front
There are fewer organisms within each group and they share more similarities
Back
Card 4
Front
Based on one or two characteristics that make identification easier (e.g. birds near the sea = seabirds
Back
Card 5
Front
Based on evolutionary relationships (a lot more detailed) Closely related animals are more likely to be in the same group
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