Attachment 0.0 / 5 ? PsychologyAttachmentA2/A-levelAQA Created by: LioraSilasCreated on: 06-02-20 16:24 Attachment A close, two-way emotional bond between two individuals where each individual sees the other as essential for their own emotional security 1 of 21 Proximity People try to stay physically close to those they are attached to 2 of 21 Separation distress People are distressed when an attachment figure leaves their presence 3 of 21 Secure-base behaviour Even when we are independent, we tent to make regular contact with our attachment figures 4 of 21 Caregiver Any person who provides care for a child 5 of 21 Infant Refers to a child's first year of life (sometimes second year too) 6 of 21 Caregiver-infant interactions Refers to the communication between a caregiver and infant 7 of 21 What is believed to be important about caregiver-infant interactions? They have important functions for the child's social development and form the basis of attachment between caregiver and infant 8 of 21 Reciprocity two-way process where each party responds to the other's signals to sustain the interaction (they take turns) 9 of 21 What does it mean if an interaction is reciprocal? When each person responds to the other and the behaviour of the party elicits a response from the other 10 of 21 Why is reciprocity important? It is an important precursor to later communications and enables a caregiver to predict and infants behaviour in order to respond appropriately 11 of 21 Interactional synchrony When a caregiver and infant reflect the actions and emotions of the other in a coordinated (synchronised) way 12 of 21 In interactional synchrony, what do caregiver and infant do to each other's movements? They mirror them 13 of 21 How are reciprocity and interactional synchrony different? In reciprocity the responses aren't necessarily similar, in interactional synchrony they are the same action 14 of 21 Who were Meltzoff and Moore (1977)? Psychologists who observed the beginnings of interactional synchrony in infants as young as 2 weeks old 15 of 21 What was the procedure in the Meltzoff and Moore study (1977)? 1. An adult showed one of 3 expressions or gestures 2. The infant's response was filmed and identified by independent observers 16 of 21 What was the conclusion found in the Meltzoff and Moore study (1977)? That there was an association between the expression or gesture of the adult and the actions of the baby 17 of 21 In 1983, how old were the babies Meltzoff and Morre's investigation contained? Three days old 18 of 21 What was the result in Meltzoff and Moore's study of 3 day old babies (1983)? The babies deliberately copied the adult model at just 3 days old, showing that this behaviour is innate, not learned 19 of 21 Why is interactional synchrony important? It is important for the development of mother-infant attachments 20 of 21 What did Isabella et al (1989) observe and study? They observed 30 mothers and infants together and assessed the degree of synchrony 21 of 21
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