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6. What is positive reinforcement?

  • Removing unpleasantness after a behaviour, therefore making more likely that the behaviour will be repeated
  • Rewarding a behaviour, therefore making it more likely that the behaviour will be repeated
  • Punishing a behaviour, therefore making it less likely that the behaviour will be repeated

7. What does the pleasure principle apply to?

  • Ego
  • ID
  • Superego

8. Which lobe of the brain controls processing of sensory information?

  • Paretial lobe
  • Temporal lobe
  • Occipital lobe
  • Frontal lobe

9. What is the correct order of the Hierarchy of Needs?

  • Love and belonging, safety, esteem, physiological, self-actualisation
  • Physiological, safety, love and belonging, esteem, self-actualisation
  • Safety, physiological, love and belonging, esteem, self-actualisation
  • Esteem, safety, physiological, love and belonging, self-actualisation

10. Why is the theory being unscientific a limitation of the psychodynamic approach?

  • It reduces the validity of the approach
  • Aspects cannot be analysed and are subjective
  • It is an incomplete explanation
  • It cannot be directly analysed

11. What is the correct term for when a person gives feelings of acceptance and value, regardless of who we are/what we’ve done?

  • Unconditional positive regard
  • Conditional positive regard
  • Conditions of worth
  • Unconditional negative regard

12. Does the biological approach support determinism or free will?

  • Determinism
  • Free will
  • Neither
  • Both

13. What is the correct term for when a theory creates general rules that apply to all?

  • Holism
  • Nomothetic
  • Idiographic
  • Determinism

14. What are the approaches that are reductionist?

  • Biological, cognitive, psychodynamic, behaviourist, social learning theory
  • Biological, humanistic, social learning theory, cognitive, behaviourist
  • Biological, humanistic, psychodynamic, cognitive, behaviourist
  • Biological, social learning theory, humanistic, psychodynamic, cognitive

15. What is the order of the mediational processes in the social learning theory?

  • Attention, retention, motor reproduction, motivation
  • Motivation, motor reproduction, attention, retention
  • Retention, attention, motor reproduction, motivation
  • Motivation, attention, retention, motor reproduction

16. Which lobe of the brain controls auditory perception?

  • Paretial lobe
  • Temporal lobe
  • Frontal lobe
  • Occipital lobe

17. Who is the main theorist for the social learning theory?

  • Bandura
  • Maslow
  • Rogers
  • Pavlov

18. Which approaches support nature rather than nurture?

  • Biological, cognitive, social learning theory
  • Biological, cognitive, psychodynamic
  • Biological, behaviourist, psychodynamic
  • Biological, cognitive, behaviourist

19. What are schemas?

  • Cognitive frameworks to organise and interpret information, enabling shortcuts
  • A pictorial representation to explain what a process may look like/how it might function
  • The biology of brain structures behind mental processes
  • Bridges the gap between biological and cognitive approaches

20. Why is comparing our mind to a computer a limitation for the cognitive approach?

  • It reduces the scientific credibility for the approach
  • Machine reductionism, neglects emotional influences
  • Human thought processes are different to a computer
  • It provokes inaccuracies and affects the validity of the approach