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Card 16
Front
An electron from 4s is promoted to 3d giving the formation [Ar] 4s1 3d10 which is more stable
Back
Card 17
Front
The number of protons in the nucleus, which attracts the electrons to it
Back
Card 18
Front
Electrons in each inner shell and subshell shields the outer electrons from the pull of the nucleus
Back
Card 19
Front
Nuclear charge minus shielding
Back
Card 20
Front
Electrons in the same orbital repel each other as they are both negative, making them easier to remove
Back
Card 21
Front
The energy required to remove one mole of electrons from one mole of gaseous atoms
Back
Card 22
Front
A beam of fast moving electrons is fired at a vaporised sample, knocking off electrons and turning molecules into ions
Back
Card 23
Front
The sample passes through an electric field of fixed strength (constant P.D.) which gives all the ions the same energy
Back
Card 24
Front
The ions move freely through an area. Light, high charge ions are quickest
Back
Card 25
Front
The mass of an ion divided by its charge
Back
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