Approaches 5.0 / 5 based on 3 ratings ? PsychologyApproachesASAQA Created by: louisedrakeCreated on: 02-05-16 15:10 psychology the scientific study of the human mind and its functions, especially those affecting behaviour in a given context 1 of 34 science aiming to discover general laws through systematic and objective investigation 2 of 34 introspection first systematic experimental attempt to study mind by breaking up conscious awareness into basic structures of thoughts, images and sensations 3 of 34 behaviourist approach a way of explaining behaviour through what is observable and in terms of learning 4 of 34 classical conditioning learning by association. UCS and NS eventually produce same response. 5 of 34 operant conditioning learning by consequence. positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement or punishment 6 of 34 reinforcement consequence of behaviour that increases likelihood of behaviour being repeated 7 of 34 social learning theory combines learning theory with cognitive factors, includes both direct and indirect reinforcement 8 of 34 imitation copying behaviour of others 9 of 34 identification associating oneself with a role model and wanting to be similar to aforementioned 10 of 34 modelling imitating behaviour of role model 11 of 34 vicarious reinforcement occurs through observing someone else being reinforced 12 of 34 mediational processes cognitive factors that influence learning and come between stimulus and response 13 of 34 cognitive approach how mental processes affect behaviour 14 of 34 internal mental processes private operations of the mind such as perception and attention that mediate between stimulus and response 15 of 34 schema mental framework of beliefs and expectations that influence cognitive processing 16 of 34 inference the process whereby cognitive psychologists draw concludsions about the way mental processes operate on the basis of observed behaviour 17 of 34 cognitive neuroscience scientific study of biological structures that underpin cognitive processes 18 of 34 biological approach emphasises the role of physical processes eg genetics 19 of 34 genes DNA which codes physical factors of an organism 20 of 34 biological structure arrangement of parts to form an organ, system or living thing 21 of 34 neurochemistry chemicals in the brain that regulate psychological functioning 22 of 34 genotype particular set of genes that one possesses 23 of 34 phenotype characteristics determined by genes and environment 24 of 34 evolution changes in inherited characteristics in a biological population over generations 25 of 34 nervous system parts CNS and PNS 26 of 34 CNS brain and spinal chord, decision maker 27 of 34 PNS sends info to CNS from external environment and CNS to muscles and glands in body 28 of 34 somatic nervous system transmits from receptor cells to CNS and receives info from CNS to muscles 29 of 34 autonomic nervous system transmits info to and from internal bodily organs 30 of 34 neuron basic building block of NS, nerve cells that process and transmit messages through electrical and chemical signals 31 of 34 sensory neurons PNS -> CNS 32 of 34 relay neurons connect sensory to motor 33 of 34 motor neurons connect CNS to effectors 34 of 34
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