1. Prevent dehydration of oral mucosa, 2. Lubrication of mastication and swallowing, 3.Assist in digestion of carbohydrates, 4. Act as a solvent for taste and smell, 5. Maintain proper dental hygiene
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What is the composition of saliva?
Mucin glycoproteins, lactoferrin, proline-rich proteins, immunoglobulin A, Lyzozyme, alpha amylase
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What is the salivon?
Basic unit of a salivary gland. it is an exocrine gland- exocytosis
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Talk about the acinus- what does it contain? what is it surrounded by? what does it secrete?
contains pyramidal- shaped cells, surrounded by contractile myoepithelial cells and it secretes cellular products- proteins and electrolytes
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What do the duct cells do?
modify primary secretion, makes the secretion hypotonic
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Control of salivation by sympathetics?
produce sticky saliva, flight/fight response via periarterial plexuses
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Control of salivation by parasympathetics?
runny saliva, rest and digest, parasympathetic secretomotor serve supply via cranial nerves
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what stimulates and inhibits salivation?
stimulated by: smell, taste, nausea, conditional reflexes, pain like when teething. Inhibited by: fatigue, sleep, fear, dehydration and exercise
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From the medulla in the brain stem what parasympathetic axons control salivation through the salivary glands?
parasympathetic axons of facial nerve and glossopharyngeal nerve.
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Name the 3 major salivary gland and say where they are situated?
parotid- near the ear. Submandibular- under the mandible. Sublingual- under the tongue
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Where does each salivary gland drain?
Parotid- near the 2nd maxillary molar via parotid papilla. Submandibular drains to sublingual caruncle. Sublingual gland drain superior into mouth via sublingual fold
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What is in the parotid region?
facial nerve plexus, retromandibular vein (superficial temporal vein, maxillary vein) and external carotid artery (superficial temporal artery and maxillary artery)
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What is the parotid fascia derived from?
investing layer of deep cervical fascia
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What branches arise from zygomatico-temporal branch?
Temporal, zygomatic, buccal
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What branches arise from the crevice-facial branch?
the mandibular and cervico
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What kind of cells is the submandibular gland made of? and where is the gland located? where does it pass?
It has a mixtures of serous and mucus cells. it is located in the submandibular triangle and floor of mouth. it passes behind the free border of the mylohyoid muscle
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To what is the submandibular gland closely related?
hypoglossal nerve, facial artery and submandibular lymph nodes
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What kind of cells make up the sublingual gland? and where does the gland lie
Seromucous gland, lies superior to mylohyoid muscle
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What is sialolithiasis?
Salivary calculi can form in any major or minor salivary gland Calculi are calcified masses Obstruct ducts causing swelling and pain Intermittent symptoms due to stimuli of the glands to produce saliva
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