What is the functional group and formula of an amine?
NH2 (amino)
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The three main properties of amines?
they can act as bases, nucleophiles and ligands.
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Why do they have these properties?
Lone pair on the N
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Where is the functional group in a secondary amine?
In the middle of a chain. The nitrogen is bonded to 2 alkyl/aryl groups.
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Name this: CH3CH2CH2CH2NH2
butylamine/ aminobutane
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Name this: CH3CH(NH2)CH2CH2CH3
2-pentylamine
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What is formed when an amine dissolves in water?
slight alkaline solution
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what is a base?
proton acceptor.
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What is formed between the N and the H atoms.
dative covalent bond
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amine+water?
an alkylammonium ion and another ion is formed.
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What is a nucleophile?
electron pair donor.
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primary amine+halogenoalkane=?
secondary amine.
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How does the nucleophilic reaction occur?
The lone pair on the N atom is attracted to the partial positive charge on the C atom. The electron pair moves to the carbon, replacing the halogen group, expelling it as an ion.
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What is it called when sucessive hydrogen atoms are replaced by alkyl groups?
alkylation
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Amine and acyl chloride?
Secondary Amide
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Reaction with acyl chlorides?
Acylation
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General Structural formula of primary amides
C(=O)NH2
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General structure of secondary amides?
C(=O)-NH
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What bond is broken during amide hydrolysis?
C-N bond
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Products of acid hydrolysis of amides?
Carboxylic Acid + Ammonium Ion
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Products of alkaline hydrolysis of amides?
Carboxylate anion + amine
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Reaction conditions for hydrolysis?
Heating under reflux, moderately concentrated HCl/ NaOH.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
The three main properties of amines?
Back
they can act as bases, nucleophiles and ligands.
Card 3
Front
Why do they have these properties?
Back
Card 4
Front
Where is the functional group in a secondary amine?
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