Acute abdomen pre and post operative care

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  • Created by: evepoag
  • Created on: 19-05-22 14:19
Where is appendicitis epigastric pain felt?
central-right iliac fossa
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Where is diverticulitis pain felt?
left iliac fossa
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Where is obstructive pain felt?
Everywhere, severe pain
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Where is perforation pain felt?
upper abdomen
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Where is cholecystitis pain felt?
right upper quadrant
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Where is pancreatitis pain felt?
severe pain in central, upper abdomen
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Where is renal colic pain felt?
acute, severe pain in flank
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What are the causes of intestinal obstructions?
Hernias
Tumours
Volvulus
Diverticular disease
Inflammatory disease
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Describe the pathophysiology of intestinal obstruction
Intestinal content, gas and fluid builds up behind the obstruction, widening the wall and increasing pressure and swelling
Capillaries in the bowel become permeable, allowing fluid to leak into peritoneal cavity
Intravascular volume and electrolyte loss e
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Describe pre-operative care for GI patient
1. investigations complete - bloods, X-rays, etc.
2. check operation site is marked
3. pre-anaesthetic assessment by the anaesthetist
4. record baseline vital signs
5. change into theatre gown and ID band on
6. jewellery and cosmetics removed
7. anti embo
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What is the key nursing care for an NG tube?
aspirate with a syringe
test pH of NG tube aspirated contents
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What is the key nursing care for patient-controlled analgesia (PCA)s?
Educate patient on use
Assess ability to push button
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What is the key nursing care for surgical wounds and drains?
Dressings of wound
Emptying of drains
monitor for sepsis and signs of infection
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How can nurses reduce risk of post-operative complications?
hand washing
asceptic non-touch technique
documentation
regular assessment
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How would you assess a patient using the ABCDE method, in acute gastrointestinal disorders?
Airway - may be comprised by blood

Breathing - may increase due to pressure on diaphragm, metabolic acidosis and pain

Circulation - BP reduced due to sepsis, or hypovolaemic shock, fluid loss, blood clots,
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Part 2
Disability - impaired consciousness leading to coma due to hypoxaemia, severe pain, altered blood glucose

Exposure - may look jaundiced, have a distended abdomen, pain
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What are the most likely causes of acute pancreatitis?
gallstones or alcohol
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What are the most likely causes of acute liver failure?
viral infection (hepatitis), poisoning with drugs or toxins, metabolic or vascular disorders
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Where is diverticulitis pain felt?

Back

left iliac fossa

Card 3

Front

Where is obstructive pain felt?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Where is perforation pain felt?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Where is cholecystitis pain felt?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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