A-Level Maths Probability 0.0 / 5 ? MathematicsStatistics, averages and distributionsA2/A-levelAQA Created by: Jamie HallCreated on: 09-03-21 20:11 Set A set is a collection of distinct items e.g. all the prime numbers 1 of 21 Elements The distinct items in a set are called elements e.g. 3 is an element of the set of prime numbers 2 of 21 Outcomes For any probability experiment, the different things that can happen are called outcomes 3 of 21 Sample space The set of all possible outcomes is called the sample space. 4 of 21 Event The thing you want to find the probability of is often called an ‘event’ 5 of 21 Equation for expected frequency of a result Expected frequency of a result = Probability x Number of Trials 6 of 21 The universal set Is the group of things that the elements of the sets are selected from. It’s everything inside the rectangle. 7 of 21 The union The union of sets A and B, ( A U B), contains all elements in either set A or set B. It’s everything inside the circles. 8 of 21 The intersection The intersection of sets A and B, (A n B), contains all the elements in both set A and set B. It’s where the circles overlap. 9 of 21 The complement The complement of set A, (A’), contains all members of the universal set that aren’t in set A. 10 of 21 P(A)= P(A)= All the elements in A 11 of 21 P(A' )= P(A' )= All the elements not in A 12 of 21 P(B)= P(B)= All the elements in B 13 of 21 P(B')= P(B')= All the elements not in B 14 of 21 P(A∪B)= P(A∪B)= (Union) All the elements in A or B or both 15 of 21 P(A∪B)'= P(A∪B)'= Probability of not A or B (compliment) 16 of 21 P(A∩B)= P(A∩B)= (Intersection) All the elements in both A and B 17 of 21 P(A∩B')= P(A∩B')= Elements in A & not B 18 of 21 P(A'∩B)= P(A'∩B)= Elements in B & not A 19 of 21 Mutually Exclusive If two events are mutually exclusive they can’t happen at the same time. 20 of 21 Discrete random variable A DRV is a value obtained by taking a measurement from an experiment in the real world. 21 of 21
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