The TCP/IP Stack

The TCP/IP Stack

This is a complete set of many protocols covering data transmissions across a network. It governs how data should be formatted, addressed, routed, and received. It has four layers of abstraction. The top layers are close to the creation and reception of data by the user. The lower levels are closer to the physical transmission of the data.

Datagram: A self-contained independent entity of data that carries sufficient information to be routed from the source to the destination computer without reliance on earlier exchanges between this source and destination computer and the transporting network.  

Layer

Purpose

Application

This layer is concerned with the production, communication, and reception of data. Applications need to create data that is acceptable so…