respiration study sheet

Breathing & Respiration (B9)

1.     Define respiration

(chemical reactions that break down nutrient molecules in living cells to release energy)

2.     State the uses of energy in the human body

(muscle contraction, protein synthesis, cell division, growth, maintenance of body temperature, passage of nerve impulses)

3.     State the word equation and symbol equation for aerobic respiration

(glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water)

4.     Define aerobic respiration

(release of a relatively large amount of energy by the breakdown of food substances in the presence of oxygen)

5.     Define anaerobic respiration

(release of a relatively small amount of energy by the breakdown of food substances in the absence of oxygen)

6.     State the word equation for anaerobic respiration

(muscle: glucose -> lactic acid, yeast: glucose -> carbon dioxide + alcohol)

7.     Describe the effect of lactic acid in muscles during exercise

(lactic acid will tire and cause cramps in the muscle)

8.     Describe the role of anaerobic respiration in yeast during brewing and bread making

(brewing: the product of anaerobic respiration is alcohol. bread making: their product of respiration is carbon dioxide, which causes the bread to rise)

9.     Identify the similarities and differences between anaerobic and aerobic respiration

(they both produce energy, aerobic produces significantly more energy, anaerobic can function under the absence of oxygen)

10.  Name the different sections of the lungs

(larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchiole, alveoli, pleural membrane, diaphram)

11.  Which tubes contain cartilage?

(trachea, bronchus, bronchiole)

12.  What is the function of the cartilage?
(to support the tubes so that it would no collapse on itself when breathing)

13.  Why are the ‘rings’ of the cartilage in…