P1 A4 Cheat Sheet

P1 Cheat Sheet 

• Specific Heat Capacity is how much energy is needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1°C - J/kg/°C
• Specific Latent Heat is how much energy is needed to melt or boil 1kg of the material - in J/kg 
• When an object is heated and it changes state, energy is transferred, but the temperature remains constant as energy is needed to break the bonds
• Conduction is particles vibrating and the heat transfers 
• Convection is gas being heated and it rises as it's less dense
• Radiation is electromagnetic waves that transfer heat
• Double Glazing - reduces conduction
• Loft Insulation - reduces conduction and convection
• Cavity Wall Insulation - reduces conduction and convection
• Shiny Foil on both sides of insulation blocks - reduces radiation
• Everything that transfers energy will result in wasted heat energy to the surroundings
• Energy transfers can be shown by Sankey Diagrams 
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• Frequency is the number of waves that pass a point in one second 
• The most diffraction occurs when the gap is similar size to the wavelength
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• White light is made up of different colours of different frequencies out of phase
• Laser light…